1	#!/bin/bash
2	#
3	# echo, read
4	# later: perhaps mapfile, etc.
5
6	#### echo dashes
7	echo -
8	echo --
9	echo ---
10	## stdout-json: "-\n--\n---\n"
11	## BUG zsh stdout-json: "\n--\n---\n"
12
13	#### echo backslashes
14	echo \\
15	echo '\'
16	echo '\\'
17	echo "\\"
18	## STDOUT:
19	\
20	\
21	\\
22	\
23	## BUG dash/mksh/zsh STDOUT:
24	\
25	\
26	\
27	\
28	## END
29
30	#### echo -e backslashes
31	echo -e \\
32	echo -e '\'
33	echo -e '\\'
34	echo -e "\\"
35	## STDOUT:
36	\
37	\
38	\
39	\
40	## N-I dash STDOUT:
41	-e \
42	-e \
43	-e \
44	-e \
45	## END
46
47	#### echo -en
48	echo -en 'abc\ndef\n'
49	## stdout-json: "abc\ndef\n"
50	## N-I dash stdout-json: "-en abc\ndef\n\n"
51
52	#### echo -ez (invalid flag)
53	# bash differs from the other three shells, but its behavior is possibly more
54	# sensible, if you're going to ignore the error. It doesn't make sense for
55	# the 'e' to mean 2 different things simultaneously: flag and literal to be
56	# printed.
57	echo -ez 'abc\n'
58	## stdout-json: "-ez abc\\n\n"
59	## OK dash/mksh/zsh stdout-json: "-ez abc\n\n"
60
61	#### echo -e with embedded newline
62	flags='-e'
63	case $SH in */dash) flags='' ;; esac
64
65	echo $flags 'foo
66	bar'
67	## STDOUT:
68	foo
69	bar
70	## END
71
72	#### echo -e line continuation
73	flags='-e'
74	case $SH in */dash) flags='' ;; esac
75
76	echo $flags 'foo\
77	bar'
78	## STDOUT:
79	foo\
80	bar
81	## END
82
83	#### echo -e with C escapes
84	# https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#Bourne-Shell-Builtins
85	# not sure why \c is like NUL?
86	# zsh doesn't allow \E for some reason.
87	echo -e '\a\b\d\e\f'
88	## stdout-json: "\u0007\u0008\\d\u001b\u000c\n"
89	## N-I dash stdout-json: "-e \u0007\u0008\\d\\e\u000c\n"
90
91	#### echo -e with whitespace C escapes
92	echo -e '\n\r\t\v'
93	## stdout-json: "\n\r\t\u000b\n"
94	## N-I dash stdout-json: "-e \n\r\t\u000b\n"
95
96	#### \0
97	echo -e 'ab\0cd'
98	## stdout-json: "ab\u0000cd\n"
99	# dash truncates it
100	## BUG dash stdout-json: "-e ab\n"
101
102	#### \c stops processing input
103	flags='-e'
104	case $SH in */dash) flags='' ;; esac
105
106	echo $flags xy 'ab\cde' 'ab\cde'
107	## stdout-json: "xy ab"
108	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "xy abde abde"
109
110	#### echo -e with hex escape
111	echo -e 'abcd\x65f'
112	## stdout-json: "abcdef\n"
113	## N-I dash stdout-json: "-e abcd\\x65f\n"
114
115	#### echo -e with octal escape
116	flags='-e'
117	case $SH in */dash) flags='' ;; esac
118
119	echo $flags 'abcd\044e'
120	## stdout-json: "abcd$e\n"
121
122	#### echo -e with 4 digit unicode escape
123	flags='-e'
124	case $SH in */dash) flags='' ;; esac
125
126	echo $flags 'abcd\u0065f'
127	## STDOUT:
128	abcdef
129	## END
130	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: "abcd\\u0065f\n"
131
132	#### echo -e with 8 digit unicode escape
133	flags='-e'
134	case $SH in */dash) flags='' ;; esac
135
136	echo $flags 'abcd\U00000065f'
137	## STDOUT:
138	abcdef
139	## END
140	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: "abcd\\U00000065f\n"
141
142	#### \0377 is the highest octal byte
143	echo -en '\03777' | od -A n -t x1 | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
144	## stdout-json: " ff 37\n"
145	## N-I dash stdout-json: " 2d 65 6e 20 ff 37 0a\n"
146
147	#### \0400 is one more than the highest octal byte
148	# It is 256 % 256 which gets interpreted as a NUL byte.
149	echo -en '\04000' | od -A n -t x1 | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
150	## stdout-json: " 00 30\n"
151	## BUG ash stdout-json: " 20 30 30\n"
152	## N-I dash stdout-json: " 2d 65 6e 20\n"
153
154	#### \0777 is out of range
155	flags='-en'
156	case $SH in */dash) flags='-n' ;; esac
157
158	echo $flags '\0777' | od -A n -t x1 | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
159	## stdout-json: " ff\n"
160	## BUG mksh stdout-json: " c3 bf\n"
161	## BUG ash stdout-json: " 3f 37\n"
162
163	#### incomplete hex escape
164	echo -en 'abcd\x6' | od -A n -c | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
165	## stdout-json: " a b c d 006\n"
166	## N-I dash stdout-json: " - e n a b c d \\ x 6 \\n\n"
167
168	#### \x
169	# I consider mksh and zsh a bug because \x is not an escape
170	echo -e '\x' '\xg' | od -A n -c | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
171	## stdout-json: " \\ x \\ x g \\n\n"
172	## N-I dash stdout-json: " - e \\ x \\ x g \\n\n"
173	## BUG mksh/zsh stdout-json: " \\0 \\0 g \\n\n"
174
175	#### incomplete octal escape
176	flags='-en'
177	case $SH in */dash) flags='-n' ;; esac
178
179	echo $flags 'abcd\04' | od -A n -c | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
180	## stdout-json: " a b c d 004\n"
181
182	#### incomplete unicode escape
183	echo -en 'abcd\u006' | od -A n -c | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
184	## stdout-json: " a b c d 006\n"
185	## N-I dash stdout-json: " - e n a b c d \\ u 0 0 6 \\n\n"
186	## BUG ash stdout-json: " a b c d \\ u 0 0 6\n"
187
188	#### \u6
189	flags='-en'
190	case $SH in */dash) flags='-n' ;; esac
191
192	echo $flags '\u6' | od -A n -c | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
193	## stdout-json: " 006\n"
194	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: " \\ u 6\n"
195
196	#### \0 \1 \8
197	# \0 is special, but \1 isn't in bash
198	# \1 is special in dash! geez
199	flags='-en'
200	case $SH in */dash) flags='-n' ;; esac
201
202	echo $flags '\0' '\1' '\8' | od -A n -c | sed 's/ \+/ /g'
203	## stdout-json: " \\0 \\ 1 \\ 8\n"
204	## BUG dash stdout-json: " 001 \\ 8\n"
205	## BUG ash stdout-json: " \\0 001 \\ 8\n"
206
207	#### Read builtin
208	# NOTE: there are TABS below
209	read x <<EOF
210	A B C D E
211	FG
212	EOF
213	echo "[$x]"
214	## stdout: [A B C D E]
215	## status: 0
216
217	#### Read from empty file
218	echo -n '' > $TMP/empty.txt
219	read x < $TMP/empty.txt
220	argv.py "status=$?" "$x"
221	## stdout: ['status=1', '']
222	## status: 0
223
224	#### Read builtin with no newline.
225	# This is odd because the variable is populated successfully. OSH/Oil might
226	# need a separate put reading feature that doesn't use IFS.
227	echo -n ZZZ | { read x; echo $?; echo $x; }
228	## stdout-json: "1\nZZZ\n"
229	## status: 0
230
231	#### Read builtin with multiple variables
232	# NOTE: there are TABS below
233	read x y z <<EOF
234	A B C D E
235	FG
236	EOF
237	echo "[$x/$y/$z]"
238	## stdout: [A/B/C D E]
239	## BUG dash stdout: [A/B/C D E ]
240	## status: 0
241
242	#### Read builtin with not enough variables
243	set -o errexit
244	set -o nounset # hm this doesn't change it
245	read x y z <<EOF
246	A B
247	EOF
248	echo /$x/$y/$z/
249	## stdout: /A/B//
250	## status: 0
251
252	#### Read -n (with $REPLY)
253	echo 12345 > $TMP/readn.txt
254	read -n 4 x < $TMP/readn.txt
255	read -n 2 < $TMP/readn.txt # Do it again with no variable
256	argv.py $x $REPLY
257	## stdout: ['1234', '12']
258	## N-I dash/zsh stdout: []
259
260	#### Read uses $REPLY (without -n)
261	echo 123 > $TMP/readreply.txt
262	read < $TMP/readreply.txt
263	echo $REPLY
264	## stdout: 123
265	## N-I dash stdout:
266
267	#### read -r ignores backslashes
268	echo 'one\ two' > $TMP/readr.txt
269	read escaped < $TMP/readr.txt
270	read -r raw < $TMP/readr.txt
271	argv.py "$escaped" "$raw"
272	## stdout: ['one two', 'one\\ two']
273
274	#### read -r with other backslash escapes
275	echo 'one\ two\x65three' > $TMP/readr.txt
276	read escaped < $TMP/readr.txt
277	read -r raw < $TMP/readr.txt
278	argv.py "$escaped" "$raw"
279	# mksh respects the hex escapes here, but other shells don't!
280	## stdout: ['one twox65three', 'one\\ two\\x65three']
281	## BUG mksh/zsh stdout: ['one twoethree', 'one\\ twoethree']
282
283	#### read with line continuation reads multiple physical lines
284	# NOTE: osh failing because of file descriptor issue. stdin has to be closed!
285	tmp=$TMP/$(basename $SH)-readr.txt
286	echo -e 'one\\\ntwo\n' > $tmp
287	read escaped < $tmp
288	read -r raw < $tmp
289	argv.py "$escaped" "$raw"
290	## stdout: ['onetwo', 'one\\']
291	## N-I dash stdout: ['-e onetwo', '-e one\\']
292
293	#### read multiple vars spanning many lines
294	read x y << 'EOF'
295	one-\
296	two three-\
297	four five-\
298	six
299	EOF
300	argv.py "$x" "$y" "$z"
301	## stdout: ['one-two', 'three-four five-six', '']
302
303	#### read -r with \n
304	echo '\nline' > $TMP/readr.txt
305	read escaped < $TMP/readr.txt
306	read -r raw < $TMP/readr.txt
307	argv.py "$escaped" "$raw"
308	# dash/mksh/zsh are bugs because at least the raw mode should let you read a
309	# literal \n.
310	## stdout: ['nline', '\\nline']
311	## BUG dash/mksh/zsh stdout: ['', '']
312
313	#### Read with IFS=$'\n'
314	# The leading spaces are stripped if they appear in IFS.
315	IFS=$(echo -e '\n')
316	read var <<EOF
317	a b c
318	d e f
319	EOF
320	echo "[$var]"
321	## stdout: [ a b c]
322	## N-I dash stdout: [a b c]
323
324	#### Read multiple lines with IFS=:
325	# The leading spaces are stripped if they appear in IFS.
326	# IFS chars are escaped with :.
327	tmp=$TMP/$(basename $SH)-read-ifs.txt
328	IFS=:
329	cat >$tmp <<'EOF'
330	\\a :b\: c:d\
331	e
332	EOF
333	read a b c d < $tmp
334	# Use printf because echo in dash/mksh interprets escapes, while it doesn't in
335	# bash.
336	printf "%s\n" "[$a|$b|$c|$d]"
337	## stdout: [ \a |b: c|d e|]
338
339	#### Read with IFS=''
340	IFS=''
341	read x y <<EOF
342	a b c d
343	EOF
344	echo "[$x|$y]"
345	## stdout: [ a b c d|]
346
347	#### Read should not respect C escapes.
348	# bash doesn't respect these, but other shells do. Gah! I think bash
349	# behavior makes more sense. It only escapes IFS.
350	echo '\a \b \c \d \e \f \g \h \x65 \145 \i' > $TMP/read-c.txt
351	read line < $TMP/read-c.txt
352	echo $line
353	## stdout-json: "a b c d e f g h x65 145 i\n"
354	## BUG ash stdout-json: "abcdefghx65 145 i\n"
355	## BUG dash/zsh stdout-json: "\u0007 \u0008\n"
356	## BUG mksh stdout-json: "\u0007 \u0008 d \u001b \u000c g h e 145 i\n"
357
358	#### Read builtin uses dynamic scope
359	f() {
360	read head << EOF
361	ref: refs/heads/dev/andy
362	EOF
363	}
364	f
365	echo $head
366	## STDOUT:
367	ref: refs/heads/dev/andy
368	## END
369
370	#### read -a reads into array
371
372	# read -a is used in bash-completion
373	# none of these shells implement it
374	case $SH in
375	*mksh|*dash|*zsh|*/ash)
376	exit 2;
377	;;
378	esac
379
380	read -a myarray <<'EOF'
381	a b c\ d
382	EOF
383	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
384
385	# arguments are ignored here
386	read -r -a array2 extra arguments <<'EOF'
387	a b c\ d
388	EOF
389	argv.py "${array2[@]}"
390	argv.py "${extra[@]}"
391	argv.py "${arguments[@]}"
392	## status: 0
393	## STDOUT:
394	['a', 'b', 'c d']
395	['a', 'b', 'c\\', 'd']
396	[]
397	[]
398	## END
399	## N-I dash/mksh/zsh/ash status: 2
400	## N-I dash/mksh/zsh/ash stdout-json: ""
401
402	#### read -n with invalid arg
403	read -n not_a_number
404	echo status=$?
405	## stdout: status=2
406	## OK bash stdout: status=1
407	## N-I zsh stdout-json: ""