1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2	#
3	# printf
4	# bash-completion uses this odd printf -v construction. It seems to mostly use
5	# %s and %q though.
6	#
7	# %s should just be
8	# declare $var='val'
9	#
10	# NOTE:
11	# /usr/bin/printf %q "'" seems wrong.
12	# $ /usr/bin/printf %q "'"
13	# ''\'''
14	#
15	# I suppose it is technically correct, but it looks very ugly.
16
17	#### printf -v %s
18	var=foo
19	printf -v $var %s 'hello there'
20	argv.py "$foo"
21	## STDOUT:
22	['hello there']
23	## END
24	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
25	-v['']
26	## END
27	## N-I dash STDOUT:
28	['']
29	## END
30
31	#### printf -v %q
32	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
33
34	# quote 'val' and store it in foo
35	printf -v foo %q "$val"
36	# then round trip back to eval
37	eval "bar=$foo"
38
39	# debugging:
40	#echo foo="$foo"
41	#echo bar="$bar"
42	#echo val="$val"
43
44	test "$bar" = "$val" && echo OK
45	## STDOUT:
46	OK
47	## END
48	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash stdout-json: "-v"
49	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash status: 1
50	## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
51	## N-I dash status: 1
52
53	#### printf -v a[1]
54	a=(a b c)
55	printf -v 'a[1]' %s 'foo'
56	echo status=$?
57	argv.py "${a[@]}"
58	## STDOUT:
59	status=0
60	['a', 'foo', 'c']
61	## END
62	## N-I mksh/zsh STDOUT:
63	-vstatus=0
64	['a', 'b', 'c']
65	## END
66	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
67	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
68	## N-I osh STDOUT:
69	status=2
70	['a', 'b', 'c']
71	## END
72
73	#### dynamic declare instead of %s
74	var=foo
75	declare $var='hello there'
76	argv.py "$foo"
77	## STDOUT:
78	['hello there']
79	## END
80	## N-I dash/mksh/ash STDOUT:
81	['']
82	## END
83
84	#### dynamic declare instead of %q
85	var=foo
86	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
87	# I think this is bash 4.4 only.
88	declare $var="${val@Q}"
89	echo "$foo"
90	## STDOUT:
91	'"quoted" with spaces and \'
92	## END
93	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
94	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
95	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "\n"
96	## N-I zsh stdout-json: ""
97	## N-I zsh status: 1
98
99	#### printf -v dynamic scope
100	case $SH in *mksh|*zsh|*dash|*/ash) echo not implemented; exit ;; esac
101	# OK so printf is like assigning to a var.
102	# printf -v foo %q "$bar" is like
103	# foo=${bar@Q}
104	dollar='dollar'
105	f() {
106	local mylocal=foo
107	printf -v dollar %q '$' # assign foo to a quoted dollar
108	printf -v mylocal %q 'mylocal'
109	echo dollar=$dollar
110	echo mylocal=$mylocal
111	}
112	echo dollar=$dollar
113	echo --
114	f
115	echo --
116	echo dollar=$dollar
117	echo mylocal=$mylocal
118	## STDOUT:
119	dollar=dollar
120	--
121	dollar=\$
122	mylocal=mylocal
123	--
124	dollar=\$
125	mylocal=
126	## END
127	## OK osh STDOUT:
128	dollar=dollar
129	--
130	dollar='$'
131	mylocal='mylocal'
132	--
133	dollar='$'
134	mylocal=
135	## END
136	## N-I dash/ash/mksh/zsh STDOUT:
137	not implemented
138	## END
139
140	#### printf with too few arguments
141	printf -- '-%s-%s-%s-\n' 'a b' 'x y'
142	## STDOUT:
143	-a b-x y--
144	## END
145
146	#### printf with too many arguments
147	printf -- '-%s-%s-\n' a b c d e
148	## STDOUT:
149	-a-b-
150	-c-d-
151	-e--
152	## END
153
154	#### printf width strings
155	printf '[%5s]\n' abc
156	printf '[%-5s]\n' abc
157	## STDOUT:
158	[ abc]
159	[abc ]
160	## END
161
162	#### printf integer
163	printf '%d\n' 42
164	printf '%i\n' 42 # synonym
165	printf '[%5d]\n' 42
166	printf '[%-5d]\n' 42
167	printf '[%05d]\n' 42
168	#printf '[%-05d]\n' 42 # the leading 0 is meaningless
169	#[42 ]
170	## STDOUT:
171	42
172	42
173	[ 42]
174	[42 ]
175	[00042]
176	## END
177
178	#### printf %6.4d -- precision means something different for integers !?
179	printf '[%6.4d]\n' 42
180	## STDOUT:
181	[ 0042]
182	## END
183	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
184	## N-I osh status: 2
185
186	#### printf %6.4s is overspecified, behaves like %6s
187	printf '[%6s]\n' 42
188	printf '[%6.4s]\n' 42
189	echo status=$?
190	## STDOUT:
191	[ 42]
192	[ 42]
193	status=0
194	## END
195	## N-I osh STDOUT:
196	[ 42]
197	status=2
198	## END
199
200	#### %u prints unsigned integers
201	printf '[%u]\n' -42
202	## STDOUT:
203	[18446744073709551574]
204	## END
205	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
206	## N-I osh status: 2
207
208	#### integer octal hex
209	printf '[%o]\n' 42
210	printf '[%x]\n' 42
211	printf '[%X]\n' 42
212	echo ---
213	# implies unsigned
214	printf '[%o]\n' -42
215	printf '[%x]\n' -42
216	printf '[%X]\n' -42
217	## STDOUT:
218	[52]
219	[2a]
220	[2A]
221	---
222	[1777777777777777777726]
223	[ffffffffffffffd6]
224	[FFFFFFFFFFFFFFD6]
225	## END
226	## N-I osh STDOUT:
227	---
228	## END
229	## N-I osh status: 2
230
231	#### printf floating point (not required, but they all implement it)
232	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14159
233	printf '[%.2f]\n' 3.14159
234	printf '[%8.2f]\n' 3.14159
235	printf '[%-8.2f]\n' 3.14159
236	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14159
237	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14
238	## STDOUT:
239	[3.141590]
240	[3.14]
241	[ 3.14]
242	[3.14 ]
243	[3.141590]
244	[3.140000]
245	## END
246	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
247	## N-I osh status: 2
248
249	#### printf floating point with - and 0
250	printf '[%8.4f]\n' 3.14
251	printf '[%08.4f]\n' 3.14
252	printf '[%8.04f]\n' 3.14 # meaning less 0
253	printf '[%08.04f]\n' 3.14
254	echo ---
255	# these all boil down to the same thing. The -, 8, and 4 are respected, but
256	# none of the 0 are.
257	printf '[%-8.4f]\n' 3.14
258	printf '[%-08.4f]\n' 3.14
259	printf '[%-8.04f]\n' 3.14
260	printf '[%-08.04f]\n' 3.14
261	## STDOUT:
262	[ 3.1400]
263	[003.1400]
264	[ 3.1400]
265	[003.1400]
266	---
267	[3.1400 ]
268	[3.1400 ]
269	[3.1400 ]
270	[3.1400 ]
271	## END
272	## N-I osh STDOUT:
273	---
274	## END
275	## N-I osh status: 2
276
277	#### printf eE fF gG
278	printf '[%e]\n' 3.14
279	printf '[%E]\n' 3.14
280	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14
281	# bash is the only one that implements %F? Is it a synonym?
282	#printf '[%F]\n' 3.14
283	printf '[%g]\n' 3.14
284	printf '[%G]\n' 3.14
285	## STDOUT:
286	[3.140000e+00]
287	[3.140000E+00]
288	[3.140000]
289	[3.14]
290	[3.14]
291	## END
292	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
293	## N-I osh status: 2
294
295	#### printf backslash escapes
296	argv.py "$(printf 'a\tb')"
297	argv.py "$(printf '\xE2\x98\xA0')"
298	argv.py "$(printf '\044e')"
299	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')" # out of range
300	## STDOUT:
301	['a\tb']
302	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
303	['$e']
304	['\x1f7']
305	## END
306	## N-I dash STDOUT:
307	['a\tb']
308	['\\xE2\\x98\\xA0']
309	['$e']
310	['\x1f7']
311	## END
312
313	#### printf octal backslash escapes
314	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')"
315	argv.py "$(printf '\377')"
316	## STDOUT:
317	['\x1f7']
318	['\xff']
319	## END
320
321	#### printf unicode backslash escapes
322	argv.py "$(printf '\u2620')"
323	argv.py "$(printf '\U0000065f')"
324	## STDOUT:
325	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
326	['\xd9\x9f']
327	## END
328	## N-I dash/ash STDOUT:
329	['\\u2620']
330	['\\U0000065f']
331	## END
332
333	#### printf invalid backslash escape (is ignored)
334	printf '[\Z]\n'
335	## STDOUT:
336	[\Z]
337	## END
338
339	#### printf % escapes
340	printf '[%%]\n'
341	## STDOUT:
342	[%]
343	## END
344
345	#### printf %b backslash escaping
346	printf '[%s]\n' '\044' # escapes not evaluated
347	printf '[%b]\n' '\044' # YES, escapes evaluated
348	echo status=$?
349	## STDOUT:
350	[\044]
351	[$]
352	status=0
353	## END
354	## N-I osh STDOUT:
355	[\044]
356	status=2
357	## END
358
359	#### printf %c -- doesn't respect UTF-8! Bad.
360	twomu=$'\u03bc\u03bc'
361	printf '[%s]\n' "$twomu"
362	printf '%c' "$twomu" | wc --bytes
363	## STDOUT:
364	[μμ]
365	1
366	## END
367	## N-I dash STDOUT:
368	[$\u03bc\u03bc]
369	1
370	## END
371	## N-I ash STDOUT:
372	[\u03bc\u03bc]
373	1
374	## END
375	## N-I osh STDOUT:
376	[μμ]
377	0
378	## END
379
380	#### printf invalid format
381	printf '%z' 42
382	echo status=$?
383	printf '%-z' 42
384	echo status=$?
385	## STDOUT:
386	status=1
387	status=1
388	## END
389	# osh emits parse errors
390	## OK osh STDOUT:
391	status=2
392	status=2
393	## END
394	## BUG ash STDOUT:
395	status=0
396	status=0
397	## END
398
399	#### printf %q
400	x='a b'
401	printf '[%q]\n' "$x"
402	## STDOUT:
403	['a b']
404	## END
405	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
406	[a\ b]
407	## END
408	## N-I ash/dash stdout-json: "["
409	## N-I ash/dash status: 1
410
411	#### printf %6q (width)
412	# NOTE: coreutils /usr/bin/printf does NOT implement this %6q !!!
413	x='a b'
414	printf '[%6q]\n' "$x"
415	## STDOUT:
416	[ 'a b']
417	## END
418	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
419	[ a\ b]
420	## END
421	## N-I mksh/ash/dash stdout-json: "["
422	## N-I mksh/ash/dash status: 1
423
424	#### printf + and space flags
425	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
426	printf '[%+d]\n' 42
427	printf '[%+d]\n' -42
428	printf '[% d]\n' 42
429	printf '[% d]\n' -42
430	## STDOUT:
431	[+42]
432	[-42]
433	[ 42]
434	[-42]
435	## END
436	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
437	## N-I osh status: 2
438
439	#### printf # flag
440	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
441	printf '[%#o]\n' 42
442	printf '[%#x]\n' 42
443	printf '[%#X]\n' 42
444	echo ---
445	printf '[%#f]\n' 3
446	## STDOUT:
447	[052]
448	[0x2a]
449	[0X2A]
450	---
451	[3.000000]
452	## END
453	## N-I osh STDOUT:
454	---
455	## END
456	## N-I osh status: 2
457
458	#### Runtime error for invalid integer
459	x=3abc
460	printf '%d\n' $x
461	echo status=$?
462	printf '%d\n' xyz
463	echo status=$?
464	## STDOUT:
465	3
466	status=1
467	0
468	status=1
469	## END
470	# zsh should exit 1 in both cases
471	## BUG zsh STDOUT:
472	0
473	status=1
474	0
475	status=0
476	## END
477	# fails but also prints 0 instead of 3abc
478	## BUG ash STDOUT:
479	0
480	status=1
481	0
482	status=1
483	## END
484	# osh doesn't print anything invalid
485	## OK osh STDOUT:
486	status=1
487	status=1
488	## END
489
490	#### %(strftime format)T
491	printf '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' 1557978599
492	echo status=$?
493	## STDOUT:
494	2019-05-15
495	status=0
496	## END
497	## N-I dash/mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
498	status=1
499	## END
500	## N-I osh STDOUT:
501	status=2
502	## END