1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2
3	# NOTE:
4	# -declare -A is required.
5	#
6	# Simply doing:
7	# a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
8	# gets utterly bizarre behavior.
9	#
10	# Associtative Arrays are COMPLETELY bash-specific. mksh doesn't even come
11	# close. So I will probably not implement them, or implement something
12	# slightly different, because the semantics are just wierd.
13
14	# http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Arrays.html
15	# TODO: Need a SETUP section.
16
17	#### Literal syntax ([x]=y)
18	declare -A a
19	a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
20	echo ${a["aa"]}
21	echo ${a["foo"]}
22	echo ${a["a+1"]}
23	## STDOUT:
24	b
25	bar
26	c
27	## END
28
29	#### set associative array to indexed array literal (very surprising bash behavior)
30	declare -A assoc=([k1]=foo [k2]='spam eggs')
31	for v in "${assoc[@]}"; do echo $v; done | sort
32	for v in "${!assoc[@]}"; do echo $v; done | sort
33
34	# disallow this in OSH? Changing type?
35
36	assoc=(foo 'spam eggs')
37	argv.py "${assoc[@]}"
38	argv.py "${!assoc[@]}"
39
40	## STDOUT:
41	foo
42	spam eggs
43	k1
44	k2
45	['foo', 'spam eggs']
46	['0', '1']
47	## END
48	## BUG bash STDOUT:
49	foo
50	spam eggs
51	k1
52	k2
53	[]
54	[]
55	## END
56
57	#### Can't initialize assoc array with indexed array
58	declare -A A=(1 2 3)
59	echo status=$?
60	## STDOUT:
61	status=1
62	## END
63
64	# bash prints warnings to stderr but gives no indication of the problem
65	## BUG bash STDOUT:
66	status=0
67	## END
68
69
70	#### Initializing indexed array with assoc array
71	declare -a a=([xx]=1 [yy]=2 [zz]=3)
72	echo status=$?
73	argv.py "${a[@]}"
74	## STDOUT:
75	status=1
76	[]
77	## END
78	## BUG bash STDOUT:
79	status=0
80	['3']
81	## END
82
83	#### create empty assoc array, put, then get
84	declare -A A # still undefined
85	argv.py "${A[@]}"
86	argv.py "${!A[@]}"
87	A['foo']=bar
88	echo ${A['foo']}
89	## STDOUT:
90	[]
91	[]
92	bar
93	## END
94
95	#### retrieve keys with !
96	declare -A a
97	var='x'
98	a["$var"]=b
99	a['foo']=bar
100	a['a+1']=c
101	for key in "${!a[@]}"; do
102	echo $key
103	done | sort
104	## STDOUT:
105	a+1
106	foo
107	x
108	## END
109
110	#### retrieve values with ${A[@]}
111	declare -A A
112	var='x'
113	A["$var"]=b
114	A['foo']=bar
115	A['a+1']=c
116	for val in "${A[@]}"; do
117	echo $val
118	done | sort
119	## STDOUT:
120	b
121	bar
122	c
123	## END
124
125	#### coerce to string with ${A[*]}, etc.
126	declare -A A
127	A['X X']=xx
128	A['Y Y']=yy
129	argv.py "${A[*]}"
130	argv.py "${!A[*]}"
131
132	argv.py ${A[@]}
133	argv.py ${!A[@]}
134	## STDOUT:
135	['xx yy']
136	['X X Y Y']
137	['xx', 'yy']
138	['X', 'X', 'Y', 'Y']
139	## END
140
141	#### ${A[@]/b/B}
142	# but ${!A[@]/b/B} doesn't work
143	declare -A A
144	A['aa']=bbb
145	A['bb']=ccc
146	A['cc']=ddd
147	for val in "${A[@]//b/B}"; do
148	echo $val
149	done | sort
150	## STDOUT:
151	BBB
152	ccc
153	ddd
154	## END
155
156	#### ${A[@]#prefix}
157	declare -A A
158	A['aa']=one
159	A['bb']=two
160	A['cc']=three
161	for val in "${A[@]#t}"; do
162	echo $val
163	done | sort
164	## STDOUT:
165	hree
166	one
167	wo
168	## END
169
170	#### ${assoc} disallowed in OSH, like ${assoc[0]} in bash
171	declare -A a
172	a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
173	echo "${a}"
174	## stdout-json: "\n"
175	## OK osh stdout-json: ""
176	## OK osh status: 1
177
178	#### length ${#a[@]}
179	declare -A a
180	a["x"]=1
181	a["y"]=2
182	a["z"]=3
183	echo "${#a[@]}"
184	## stdout: 3
185
186	#### lookup with ${a[0]} -- "0" is a string
187	declare -A a
188	a["0"]=a
189	a["1"]=b
190	a["2"]=c
191	echo 0 "${a[0]}" 1 "${a[1]}" 2 "${a[2]}"
192	## STDOUT:
193	0 a 1 b 2 c
194	## END
195
196	#### lookup with double quoted strings "mykey"
197	declare -A a
198	a["aa"]=b
199	a["foo"]=bar
200	a['a+1']=c
201	echo "${a["aa"]}" "${a["foo"]}" "${a["a+1"]}"
202	## STDOUT:
203	b bar c
204	## END
205
206	#### lookup with single quoted string
207	declare -A a
208	a["aa"]=b
209	a["foo"]=bar
210	a['a+1']=c
211	echo "${a['a+1']}"
212	## stdout: c
213
214	#### lookup with unquoted $key and quoted "$i$i"
215	declare -A A
216	A["aa"]=b
217	A["foo"]=bar
218
219	key=foo
220	echo ${A[$key]}
221	i=a
222	echo ${A["$i$i"]} # note: ${A[$i$i]} doesn't work in OSH
223	## STDOUT:
224	bar
225	b
226	## END
227
228	#### lookup by unquoted string doesn't work in OSH because it's a variable
229	declare -A a
230	a["aa"]=b
231	a["foo"]=bar
232	a['a+1']=c
233	echo "${a[a+1]}"
234	## stdout-json: ""
235	## status: 1
236	## BUG bash stdout: c
237	## BUG bash status: 0
238
239	#### bash bug: "i+1" and i+1 are the same key
240
241	i=1
242	array=(5 6 7)
243	echo array[i]="${array[i]}"
244	echo array[i+1]="${array[i+1]}"
245
246	# arithmetic does NOT work here in bash. These are unquoted strings!
247	declare -A assoc
248	assoc[i]=$i
249	assoc[i+1]=$i+1
250
251	assoc["i"]=string
252	assoc["i+1"]=string+1
253
254	echo assoc[i]="${assoc[i]}"
255	echo assoc[i+1]="${assoc[i+1]}"
256
257	echo assoc[i]="${assoc["i"]}"
258	echo assoc[i+1]="${assoc["i+1"]}"
259
260	## status: 1
261	## STDOUT:
262	array[i]=6
263	array[i+1]=7
264	## END
265	## BUG bash status: 0
266	## BUG bash STDOUT:
267	array[i]=6
268	array[i+1]=7
269	assoc[i]=string
270	assoc[i+1]=string+1
271	assoc[i]=string
272	assoc[i+1]=string+1
273	## END
274
275	#### Array stored in associative array gets converted to string (without strict-array)
276
277	array=('1 2' 3)
278	declare -A d
279	d['key']="${array[@]}"
280	argv.py "${d['key']}"
281	## stdout: ['1 2 3']
282
283	#### Indexed array as key of associative array coerces to string (without shopt -s strict-array)
284
285	declare -a array=(1 2 3)
286	declare -A assoc
287	assoc[42]=43
288	assoc["${array[@]}"]=foo
289
290	echo "${assoc["${array[@]}"]}"
291	for entry in "${!assoc[@]}"; do
292	echo $entry
293	done | sort
294
295	## STDOUT:
296	foo
297	1 2 3
298	42
299	## END
300
301	#### Append to associative array value A['x']+='suffix'
302	declare -A A
303	A['x']='foo'
304	A['x']+='bar'
305	A['x']+='bar'
306	argv.py "${A["x"]}"
307	## STDOUT:
308	['foobarbar']
309	## END
310
311	#### Slice of associative array doesn't make sense in bash
312	declare -A a
313	a[xx]=1
314	a[yy]=2
315	a[zz]=3
316	a[aa]=4
317	a[bb]=5
318	#argv.py ${a["xx"]}
319	argv.py ${a[@]: 0: 3}
320	argv.py ${a[@]: 1: 3}
321	argv.py ${a[@]: 2: 3}
322	argv.py ${a[@]: 3: 3}
323	argv.py ${a[@]: 4: 3}
324	argv.py ${a[@]: 5: 3}
325	## stdout-json: ""
326	## status: 1
327	## BUG bash STDOUT:
328	['2', '1', '5']
329	['2', '1', '5']
330	['1', '5', '4']
331	['5', '4', '3']
332	['4', '3']
333	['3']
334	## END
335	## BUG bash status: 0
336
337	#### bash variable can have an associative array part and a string part
338
339	# and $assoc is equivalent to ${assoc[0]}, just like regular arrays
340	declare -A assoc
341	assoc[1]=1
342	assoc[2]=2
343	echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
344	assoc[0]=zero
345	echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
346	assoc=string
347	echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
348	## STDOUT:
349	1 2
350	1 2 zero
351	1 2 string
352	## END
353	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
354	## N-I osh status: 1
355
356	#### Associative array expressions inside (( )) with keys that look like numbers
357	declare -A assoc
358	assoc[0]=42
359	(( var = ${assoc[0]} ))
360	echo $var
361	(( var = assoc[0] ))
362	echo $var
363	## STDOUT:
364	42
365	42
366	## END
367	## N-I osh status: 1
368	## N-I osh STDOUT:
369	42
370	## END
371
372	#### (( A[5] += 42 ))
373	declare -A A
374	(( A[5] = 10 ))
375	(( A[5] += 6 ))
376	echo ${A[5]}
377	## STDOUT:
378	16
379	## END
380
381	#### (( A[5] += 42 )) with empty cell
382	shopt -u strict-arith # default zero cell
383	declare -A A
384	(( A[5] += 6 ))
385	echo ${A[5]}
386	## STDOUT:
387	6
388	## END
389
390	#### setting key to itself (from bash-bug mailing list)
391	declare -A foo
392	foo=(["key"]="value1")
393	echo ${foo["key"]}
394	foo=(["key"]="${foo["key"]} value2")
395	echo ${foo["key"]}
396	## STDOUT:
397	value1
398	value1 value2
399	## END
400	## BUG bash STDOUT:
401	value1
402	value2
403	## END
404
405	#### readonly associative array can't be modified
406	declare -Ar A
407	A['x']=1
408	echo status=$?
409	## OK osh status: 1
410	## OK osh stdout-json: ""
411	## STDOUT:
412	status=1
413	## END