1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2	#
3	# printf
4	# bash-completion uses this odd printf -v construction. It seems to mostly use
5	# %s and %q though.
6	#
7	# %s should just be
8	# declare $var='val'
9	#
10	# NOTE:
11	# /usr/bin/printf %q "'" seems wrong.
12	# $ /usr/bin/printf %q "'"
13	# ''\'''
14	#
15	# I suppose it is technically correct, but it looks very ugly.
16
17	#### printf with no args
18	printf
19	## status: 2
20	## OK dash/mksh/zsh status: 1
21	## stdout-json: ""
22
23	#### printf -v %s
24	var=foo
25	printf -v $var %s 'hello there'
26	argv.py "$foo"
27	## STDOUT:
28	['hello there']
29	## END
30	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
31	-v['']
32	## END
33	## N-I dash STDOUT:
34	['']
35	## END
36
37	#### printf -v %q
38	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
39
40	# quote 'val' and store it in foo
41	printf -v foo %q "$val"
42	# then round trip back to eval
43	eval "bar=$foo"
44
45	# debugging:
46	#echo foo="$foo"
47	#echo bar="$bar"
48	#echo val="$val"
49
50	test "$bar" = "$val" && echo OK
51	## STDOUT:
52	OK
53	## END
54	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash stdout-json: "-v"
55	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash status: 1
56	## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
57	## N-I dash status: 1
58
59	#### printf -v a[1]
60	a=(a b c)
61	printf -v 'a[1]' %s 'foo'
62	echo status=$?
63	argv.py "${a[@]}"
64	## STDOUT:
65	status=0
66	['a', 'foo', 'c']
67	## END
68	## N-I mksh/zsh STDOUT:
69	-vstatus=0
70	['a', 'b', 'c']
71	## END
72	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
73	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
74	## N-I osh STDOUT:
75	status=2
76	['a', 'b', 'c']
77	## END
78
79	#### dynamic declare instead of %s
80	var=foo
81	declare $var='hello there'
82	argv.py "$foo"
83	## STDOUT:
84	['hello there']
85	## END
86	## N-I dash/mksh/ash STDOUT:
87	['']
88	## END
89
90	#### dynamic declare instead of %q
91	var=foo
92	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
93	# I think this is bash 4.4 only.
94	declare $var="${val@Q}"
95	echo "$foo"
96	## STDOUT:
97	'"quoted" with spaces and \'
98	## END
99	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
100	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
101	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "\n"
102	## N-I zsh stdout-json: ""
103	## N-I zsh status: 1
104
105	#### printf -v dynamic scope
106	case $SH in *mksh|*zsh|*dash|*/ash) echo not implemented; exit ;; esac
107	# OK so printf is like assigning to a var.
108	# printf -v foo %q "$bar" is like
109	# foo=${bar@Q}
110	dollar='dollar'
111	f() {
112	local mylocal=foo
113	printf -v dollar %q '$' # assign foo to a quoted dollar
114	printf -v mylocal %q 'mylocal'
115	echo dollar=$dollar
116	echo mylocal=$mylocal
117	}
118	echo dollar=$dollar
119	echo --
120	f
121	echo --
122	echo dollar=$dollar
123	echo mylocal=$mylocal
124	## STDOUT:
125	dollar=dollar
126	--
127	dollar=\$
128	mylocal=mylocal
129	--
130	dollar=\$
131	mylocal=
132	## END
133	## OK osh STDOUT:
134	dollar=dollar
135	--
136	dollar='$'
137	mylocal='mylocal'
138	--
139	dollar='$'
140	mylocal=
141	## END
142	## N-I dash/ash/mksh/zsh STDOUT:
143	not implemented
144	## END
145
146	#### printf with too few arguments
147	printf -- '-%s-%s-%s-\n' 'a b' 'x y'
148	## STDOUT:
149	-a b-x y--
150	## END
151
152	#### printf with too many arguments
153	printf -- '-%s-%s-\n' a b c d e
154	## STDOUT:
155	-a-b-
156	-c-d-
157	-e--
158	## END
159
160	#### printf width strings
161	printf '[%5s]\n' abc
162	printf '[%-5s]\n' abc
163	## STDOUT:
164	[ abc]
165	[abc ]
166	## END
167
168	#### printf integer
169	printf '%d\n' 42
170	printf '%i\n' 42 # synonym
171	printf '[%5d]\n' 42
172	printf '[%-5d]\n' 42
173	printf '[%05d]\n' 42
174	#printf '[%-05d]\n' 42 # the leading 0 is meaningless
175	#[42 ]
176	## STDOUT:
177	42
178	42
179	[ 42]
180	[42 ]
181	[00042]
182	## END
183
184	#### printf %6.4d -- precision means something different for integers !?
185	printf '[%6.4d]\n' 42
186	## STDOUT:
187	[ 0042]
188	## END
189	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
190	## N-I osh status: 2
191
192	#### printf %6.4s does both truncation and padding
193	printf '[%6s]\n' foo
194	printf '[%6.4s]\n' foo
195	printf '[%-6.4s]\n' foo
196	printf '[%6s]\n' spam-eggs
197	printf '[%6.4s]\n' spam-eggs
198	printf '[%-6.4s]\n' spam-eggs
199	## STDOUT:
200	[ foo]
201	[ foo]
202	[foo ]
203	[spam-eggs]
204	[ spam]
205	[spam ]
206	## END
207
208	#### printf %6.0s and %0.0s
209	printf '[%6.0s]\n' foo
210	printf '[%0.0s]\n' foo
211	## STDOUT:
212	[ ]
213	[]
214	## END
215	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "[ ]\n["
216	## N-I mksh status: 1
217
218	#### unsigned / octal / hex
219	printf '[%u]\n' 42
220	printf '[%o]\n' 42
221	printf '[%x]\n' 42
222	printf '[%X]\n' 42
223	## STDOUT:
224	[42]
225	[52]
226	[2a]
227	[2A]
228	## END
229
230	#### negative numbers with unsigned / octal / hex
231	printf '[%u]\n' -42
232	printf '[%o]\n' -42
233	printf '[%x]\n' -42
234	printf '[%X]\n' -42
235	## STDOUT:
236	[18446744073709551574]
237	[1777777777777777777726]
238	[ffffffffffffffd6]
239	[FFFFFFFFFFFFFFD6]
240	## END
241
242	# osh DISALLOWS this because the output depends on the machine architecture.
243	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
244	## N-I osh status: 1
245
246	#### printf floating point (not required, but they all implement it)
247	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14159
248	printf '[%.2f]\n' 3.14159
249	printf '[%8.2f]\n' 3.14159
250	printf '[%-8.2f]\n' 3.14159
251	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14159
252	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14
253	## STDOUT:
254	[3.141590]
255	[3.14]
256	[ 3.14]
257	[3.14 ]
258	[3.141590]
259	[3.140000]
260	## END
261	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
262	## N-I osh status: 2
263
264	#### printf floating point with - and 0
265	printf '[%8.4f]\n' 3.14
266	printf '[%08.4f]\n' 3.14
267	printf '[%8.04f]\n' 3.14 # meaning less 0
268	printf '[%08.04f]\n' 3.14
269	echo ---
270	# these all boil down to the same thing. The -, 8, and 4 are respected, but
271	# none of the 0 are.
272	printf '[%-8.4f]\n' 3.14
273	printf '[%-08.4f]\n' 3.14
274	printf '[%-8.04f]\n' 3.14
275	printf '[%-08.04f]\n' 3.14
276	## STDOUT:
277	[ 3.1400]
278	[003.1400]
279	[ 3.1400]
280	[003.1400]
281	---
282	[3.1400 ]
283	[3.1400 ]
284	[3.1400 ]
285	[3.1400 ]
286	## END
287	## N-I osh STDOUT:
288	---
289	## END
290	## N-I osh status: 2
291
292	#### printf eE fF gG
293	printf '[%e]\n' 3.14
294	printf '[%E]\n' 3.14
295	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14
296	# bash is the only one that implements %F? Is it a synonym?
297	#printf '[%F]\n' 3.14
298	printf '[%g]\n' 3.14
299	printf '[%G]\n' 3.14
300	## STDOUT:
301	[3.140000e+00]
302	[3.140000E+00]
303	[3.140000]
304	[3.14]
305	[3.14]
306	## END
307	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
308	## N-I osh status: 2
309
310	#### printf backslash escapes
311	argv.py "$(printf 'a\tb')"
312	argv.py "$(printf '\xE2\x98\xA0')"
313	argv.py "$(printf '\044e')"
314	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')" # out of range
315	## STDOUT:
316	['a\tb']
317	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
318	['$e']
319	['\x1f7']
320	## END
321	## N-I dash STDOUT:
322	['a\tb']
323	['\\xE2\\x98\\xA0']
324	['$e']
325	['\x1f7']
326	## END
327
328	#### printf octal backslash escapes
329	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')"
330	argv.py "$(printf '\377')"
331	## STDOUT:
332	['\x1f7']
333	['\xff']
334	## END
335
336	#### printf unicode backslash escapes
337	argv.py "$(printf '\u2620')"
338	argv.py "$(printf '\U0000065f')"
339	## STDOUT:
340	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
341	['\xd9\x9f']
342	## END
343	## N-I dash/ash STDOUT:
344	['\\u2620']
345	['\\U0000065f']
346	## END
347
348	#### printf invalid backslash escape (is ignored)
349	printf '[\Z]\n'
350	## STDOUT:
351	[\Z]
352	## END
353
354	#### printf % escapes
355	printf '[%%]\n'
356	## STDOUT:
357	[%]
358	## END
359
360	#### printf %b backslash escaping
361	printf '[%s]\n' '\044' # escapes not evaluated
362	printf '[%b]\n' '\044' # YES, escapes evaluated
363	echo status=$?
364	## STDOUT:
365	[\044]
366	[$]
367	status=0
368	## END
369	## N-I osh STDOUT:
370	[\044]
371	status=2
372	## END
373
374	#### printf %c -- doesn't respect UTF-8! Bad.
375	twomu=$'\u03bc\u03bc'
376	printf '[%s]\n' "$twomu"
377	printf '%c' "$twomu" | wc --bytes
378	## STDOUT:
379	[μμ]
380	1
381	## END
382	## N-I dash STDOUT:
383	[$\u03bc\u03bc]
384	1
385	## END
386	## N-I ash STDOUT:
387	[\u03bc\u03bc]
388	1
389	## END
390	## N-I osh STDOUT:
391	[μμ]
392	0
393	## END
394
395	#### printf invalid format
396	printf '%z' 42
397	echo status=$?
398	printf '%-z' 42
399	echo status=$?
400	## STDOUT:
401	status=1
402	status=1
403	## END
404	# osh emits parse errors
405	## OK osh STDOUT:
406	status=2
407	status=2
408	## END
409	## BUG ash STDOUT:
410	status=0
411	status=0
412	## END
413
414	#### printf %q
415	x='a b'
416	printf '[%q]\n' "$x"
417	## STDOUT:
418	['a b']
419	## END
420	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
421	[a\ b]
422	## END
423	## N-I ash/dash stdout-json: "["
424	## N-I ash/dash status: 1
425
426	#### printf %6q (width)
427	# NOTE: coreutils /usr/bin/printf does NOT implement this %6q !!!
428	x='a b'
429	printf '[%6q]\n' "$x"
430	## STDOUT:
431	[ 'a b']
432	## END
433	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
434	[ a\ b]
435	## END
436	## N-I mksh/ash/dash stdout-json: "["
437	## N-I mksh/ash/dash status: 1
438
439	#### printf + and space flags
440	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
441	printf '[%+d]\n' 42
442	printf '[%+d]\n' -42
443	printf '[% d]\n' 42
444	printf '[% d]\n' -42
445	## STDOUT:
446	[+42]
447	[-42]
448	[ 42]
449	[-42]
450	## END
451	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
452	## N-I osh status: 2
453
454	#### printf # flag
455	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
456	printf '[%#o]\n' 42
457	printf '[%#x]\n' 42
458	printf '[%#X]\n' 42
459	echo ---
460	printf '[%#f]\n' 3
461	## STDOUT:
462	[052]
463	[0x2a]
464	[0X2A]
465	---
466	[3.000000]
467	## END
468	## N-I osh STDOUT:
469	---
470	## END
471	## N-I osh status: 2
472
473	#### Runtime error for invalid integer
474	x=3abc
475	printf '%d\n' $x
476	echo status=$?
477	printf '%d\n' xyz
478	echo status=$?
479	## STDOUT:
480	3
481	status=1
482	0
483	status=1
484	## END
485	# zsh should exit 1 in both cases
486	## BUG zsh STDOUT:
487	0
488	status=1
489	0
490	status=0
491	## END
492	# fails but also prints 0 instead of 3abc
493	## BUG ash STDOUT:
494	0
495	status=1
496	0
497	status=1
498	## END
499	# osh doesn't print anything invalid
500	## OK osh STDOUT:
501	status=1
502	status=1
503	## END
504
505	#### %(strftime format)T
506	printf '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' 1557978599
507	echo status=$?
508	## STDOUT:
509	2019-05-15
510	status=0
511	## END
512	## N-I dash/mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
513	status=1
514	## END
515	## N-I osh STDOUT:
516	status=2
517	## END