1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2
3	### >&
4	echo hi 1>&2
5	# stderr: hi
6
7	### <&
8	# Is there a simpler test case for this?
9	echo foo > $TMP/lessamp.txt
10	exec 5< $TMP/lessamp.txt
11	read line <&5
12	echo "[$line]"
13	# stdout: [foo]
14
15	### Leading redirect
16	echo hello >$TMP/hello.txt # temporary fix
17	<$TMP/hello.txt cat
18	# stdout: hello
19
20	### Nonexistent file
21	cat <$TMP/nonexistent.txt
22	echo status=$?
23	# stdout: status=1
24	# OK dash stdout: status=2
25
26	### No command
27	# Hm this is valid in bash and dash. It's parsed as an assigment with a
28	# redirect, which doesn't make sense. But it's a mistake, and should be a W2
29	# warning for us.
30	FOO=bar 2>/dev/null
31
32	### Redirect in subshell
33	FOO=$(echo foo 1>&2)
34	echo $FOO
35	# stdout:
36	# stderr: foo
37
38	### Redirect in assignment
39	# dash captures stderr to a file here, which seems correct. Bash doesn't and
40	# just lets it go to actual stderr.
41	# For now we agree with dash/mksh, since it involves fewer special cases in the
42	# code.
43	FOO=$(echo foo 1>&2) 2>$TMP/no-command.txt
44	echo FILE=
45	cat $TMP/no-command.txt
46	echo "FOO=$FOO"
47	# stdout-json: "FILE=\nfoo\nFOO=\n"
48	# BUG bash stdout-json: "FILE=\nFOO=\n"
49
50	### Redirect in function body.
51	func() { echo hi; } 1>&2
52	func
53	# stdout-json: ""
54	# stderr-json: "hi\n"
55
56	### Redirect in function body is evaluated multiple times
57	i=0
58	func() { echo "file $i"; } 1> "$TMP/file$((i++))"
59	func
60	func
61	echo i=$i
62	echo __
63	cat $TMP/file0
64	echo __
65	cat $TMP/file1
66	# stdout-json: "i=2\n__\nfile 1\n__\nfile 2\n"
67	# N-I dash stdout-json: ""
68	# N-I dash status: 2
69
70	### Redirect in function body AND function call
71	func() { echo hi; } 1>&2
72	func 2>&1
73	# stdout-json: "hi\n"
74	# stderr-json: ""
75
76	### Descriptor redirect with spaces
77	# Hm this seems like a failure of lookahead! The second thing should look to a
78	# file-like thing.
79	# I think this is a posix issue.
80	# tag: posix-issue
81	echo one 1>&2
82	echo two 1 >&2
83	echo three 1>& 2
84	# stderr-json: "one\ntwo 1\nthree\n"
85
86	### Filename redirect with spaces
87	# This time 1 *is* a descriptor, not a word. If you add a space between 1 and
88	# >, it doesn't work.
89	echo two 1> $TMP/file-redir1.txt
90	cat $TMP/file-redir1.txt
91	# stdout: two
92
93	### Quoted filename redirect with spaces
94	# POSIX makes node of this
95	echo two \1 > $TMP/file-redir2.txt
96	cat $TMP/file-redir2.txt
97	# stdout: two 1
98
99	### Descriptor redirect with filename
100	# bash/mksh treat this like a filename, not a descriptor.
101	# dash aborts.
102	echo one 1>&$TMP/nonexistent-filename__
103	echo "status=$?"
104	# stdout: status=1
105	# BUG bash stdout: status=0
106	# OK dash stdout-json: ""
107	# OK dash status: 2
108
109	### redirect for loop
110	for i in $(seq 3)
111	do
112	echo $i
113	done > $TMP/redirect-for-loop.txt
114	cat $TMP/redirect-for-loop.txt
115	# stdout-json: "1\n2\n3\n"
116
117	### redirect subshell
118	( echo foo ) 1>&2
119	# stderr: foo
120	# stdout-json: ""
121
122	### Prefix redirect for loop -- not allowed
123	>$TMP/redirect2.txt for i in $(seq 3)
124	do
125	echo $i
126	done
127	cat $TMP/redirect2.txt
128	# status: 2
129	# OK mksh status: 1
130
131	### Brace group redirect
132	# Suffix works, but prefix does NOT work.
133	# That comes from '| compound_command redirect_list' in the grammar!
134	{ echo block-redirect; } > $TMP/br.txt
135	cat $TMP/br.txt | wc -c
136	# stdout: 15
137
138	### Redirect echo to stderr, and then redirect all of stdout somewhere.
139	{ echo foo 1>&2; echo 012345789; } > $TMP/block-stdout.txt
140	cat $TMP/block-stdout.txt | wc -c
141	# stderr: foo
142	# stdout: 10
143
144	### Redirect in the middle of two assignments
145	FOO=foo >$TMP/out.txt BAR=bar printenv.py FOO BAR
146	tac $TMP/out.txt
147	# stdout-json: "bar\nfoo\n"
148
149	### Redirect in the middle of a command
150	f=$TMP/out
151	echo -n 1 2 '3 ' > $f
152	echo -n 4 5 >> $f '6 '
153	echo -n 7 >> $f 8 '9 '
154	echo -n >> $f 1 2 '3 '
155	echo >> $f -n 4 5 '6 '
156	cat $f
157	# stdout-json: "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 "
158
159	### Named file descriptor
160	exec {myfd}> $TMP/named-fd.txt
161	echo named-fd-contents >& $myfd
162	cat $TMP/named-fd.txt
163	# stdout: named-fd-contents
164	# status: 0
165	# N-I dash/mksh stdout-json: ""
166	# N-I dash/mksh status: 127
167
168	### Redirect function stdout
169	f() { echo one; echo two; }
170	f > $TMP/redirect-func.txt
171	cat $TMP/redirect-func.txt
172	# stdout-json: "one\ntwo\n"
173
174	### Nested function stdout redirect
175	# Shows that a stack is necessary.
176	inner() {
177	echo i1
178	echo i2
179	}
180	outer() {
181	echo o1
182	inner > $TMP/inner.txt
183	echo o2
184	}
185	outer > $TMP/outer.txt
186	cat $TMP/inner.txt
187	echo --
188	cat $TMP/outer.txt
189	# stdout-json: "i1\ni2\n--\no1\no2\n"
190
191	### Redirect to empty string
192	f=''
193	echo s > "$f"
194	echo "result=$?"
195	set -o errexit
196	echo s > "$f"
197	echo DONE
198	# stdout: result=1
199	# status: 1
200	# OK dash stdout: result=2
201	# OK dash status: 2
202
203	### Redirect to file descriptor that's not open
204	# BUGS:
205	# - dash doesn't allow file descriptors greater than 9. (This is a good thing,
206	# because the bash chapter in AOSA book mentions that juggling user vs. system
207	# file descriptors is a huge pain.)
208	# - But somehow running in parallel under spec-runner.sh changes whether descriptor
209	# 3 is open. e.g. 'echo hi 1>&3'. Possibly because of /usr/bin/time. The
210	# _tmp/spec/*.task.txt file gets corrupted!
211	# - Oh this is because I use time --output-file. That opens descriptor 3. And
212	# then time forks the shell script. The file descriptor table is inherited.
213	# - You actually have to set the file descriptor to something. What do
214	# configure and debootstrap too?
215	echo hi 1>&9
216	# status: 1
217	# OK dash status: 2
218
219	### Open descriptor with exec
220	# What is the point of this? ./configure scripts and debootstrap use it.
221	exec 3>&1
222	echo hi 1>&3
223	# stdout: hi
224	# status: 0
225
226	### Open multiple descriptors with exec
227	# What is the point of this? ./configure scripts and debootstrap use it.
228	exec 3>&1
229	exec 4>&1
230	echo three 1>&3
231	echo four 1>&4
232	# stdout-json: "three\nfour\n"
233	# status: 0
234
235	### >| to clobber
236	echo XX >| $TMP/c.txt
237	set -o noclobber
238	echo YY > $TMP/c.txt # not globber
239	echo status=$?
240	cat $TMP/c.txt
241	echo ZZ >| $TMP/c.txt
242	cat $TMP/c.txt
243	# stdout-json: "status=1\nXX\nZZ\n"
244	# OK dash stdout-json: "status=2\nXX\nZZ\n"
245
246	### &> redirects stdout and stderr
247	stdout_stderr.py &> $TMP/f.txt
248	# order is indeterminate
249	grep STDOUT $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
250	grep STDERR $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
251	# stdout-json: "ok\nok\n"
252	# N-I dash stdout: STDOUT
253	# N-I dash stderr: STDERR
254	# N-I dash status: 1
255
256	### 1>&2- to close file descriptor
257	# NOTE: "hi\n" goes to stderr, but it's hard to test this because other shells
258	# put errors on stderr.
259	echo hi 1>&2-
260	# stdout-json: ""
261	# N-I dash status: 2
262	# N-I dash stdout-json: ""
263	# N-I mksh status: 1
264	# N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
265
266	### <> for read/write
267	echo first >$TMP/rw.txt
268	exec 8<>$TMP/rw.txt
269	read line <&8
270	echo line=$line
271	echo second 1>&8
272	echo CONTENTS
273	cat $TMP/rw.txt
274	# stdout-json: "line=first\nCONTENTS\nfirst\nsecond\n"