1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2
3	# TODO: Need a SETUP section.
4
5	#### SETUP
6	a=(1 '2 3')
7
8	#### "${a[@]}" and "${a[*]}"
9	a=(1 '2 3')
10	argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[*]}"
11	## stdout: ['1', '2 3', '1 2 3']
12
13	#### ${a[@]} and ${a[*]}
14	a=(1 '2 3')
15	argv.py ${a[@]} ${a[*]}
16	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3']
17
18	#### 4 ways to interpolate empty array
19	argv.py 1 "${a[@]}" 2 ${a[@]} 3 "${a[*]}" 4 ${a[*]} 5
20	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '', '4', '5']
21
22	#### empty array
23	empty=()
24	argv.py "${empty[@]}"
25	## stdout: []
26
27	#### Empty array with :-
28	empty=()
29	argv.py ${empty[@]:-not one} "${empty[@]:-not one}"
30	## stdout: ['not', 'one', 'not one']
31
32	#### nounset with empty array (design bug, makes it hard to use arrays)
33	# http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-bash/2017-09/msg00005.html
34	# TODO: sane-arrays should get rid of this problem.
35	set -o nounset
36	empty=()
37	argv.py "${empty[@]}"
38	echo status=$?
39	## stdout-json: "[]\nstatus=0\n"
40	## BUG bash/mksh stdout-json: ""
41	## BUG bash/mksh status: 1
42
43	#### local array
44	# mksh support local variables, but not local arrays, oddly.
45	f() {
46	local a=(1 '2 3')
47	argv.py "${a[0]}"
48	}
49	f
50	## stdout: ['1']
51	## status: 0
52	## BUG mksh status: 1
53	## BUG mksh stdout-json: ""
54
55	#### Command with with word splitting in array
56	array=('1 2' $(echo '3 4'))
57	argv.py "${array[@]}"
58	## stdout: ['1 2', '3', '4']
59
60	#### space before ( in array initialization
61	# NOTE: mksh accepts this, but bash doesn't
62	a= (1 '2 3')
63	echo $a
64	## status: 2
65	## OK mksh status: 0
66	## OK mksh stdout: 1
67
68	#### array over multiple lines
69	a=(
70	1
71	'2 3'
72	)
73	argv.py "${a[@]}"
74	## stdout: ['1', '2 3']
75	## status: 0
76
77	#### array with invalid token
78	a=(
79	1
80	&
81	'2 3'
82	)
83	argv.py "${a[@]}"
84	## status: 2
85	## OK mksh status: 1
86
87	#### array with empty string
88	empty=('')
89	argv.py "${empty[@]}"
90	## stdout: ['']
91
92	#### Retrieve index
93	a=(1 '2 3')
94	argv.py "${a[1]}"
95	## stdout: ['2 3']
96
97	#### Retrieve out of bounds index
98	a=(1 '2 3')
99	argv.py "${a[3]}"
100	## stdout: ['']
101
102	#### Negative index
103	a=(1 '2 3')
104	argv.py "${a[-1]}" "${a[-2]}" "${a[-5]}" # last one out of bounds
105	## stdout: ['2 3', '1', '']
106	## N-I mksh stdout: ['', '', '']
107
108	#### Retrieve index that is a variable
109	a=(1 '2 3')
110	i=1
111	argv.py "${a[$i]}"
112	## stdout: ['2 3']
113
114	#### Retrieve index that is a variable without $
115	a=(1 '2 3')
116	i=5
117	argv.py "${a[i-4]}"
118	## stdout: ['2 3']
119
120	#### Retrieve index that is a command sub
121	a=(1 '2 3')
122	argv.py "${a[$(echo 1)]}"
123	## stdout: ['2 3']
124
125	#### Retrieve all indices with !
126	a=(1 '2 3')
127	argv.py "${!a[@]}"
128	## stdout: ['0', '1']
129
130	#### ${!a[1]} is named ref in bash
131	# mksh ignores it
132	foo=bar
133	a=('1 2' foo '2 3')
134	argv.py "${!a[1]}"
135	## status: 0
136	## stdout: ['bar']
137	## N-I mksh stdout: ['a[1]']
138
139	#### Retrieve indices without []
140	# bash gives empty string?
141	# mksh gives the name of the variable with !. Very weird.
142	a=(1 '2 3')
143	argv.py "${!a}"
144	## stdout: ['']
145	## OK mksh stdout: ['a']
146
147	#### All elements unquoted
148	a=(1 '2 3')
149	argv.py ${a[@]}
150	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3']
151
152	#### All elements quoted
153	a=(1 '2 3')
154	argv.py "${a[@]}"
155	## stdout: ['1', '2 3']
156
157	#### $*
158	a=(1 '2 3')
159	argv.py ${a[*]}
160	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3']
161
162	#### "$*"
163	a=(1 '2 3')
164	argv.py "${a[*]}"
165	## stdout: ['1 2 3']
166
167	#### Interpolate array into array
168	a=(1 '2 3')
169	a=(0 "${a[@]}" '4 5')
170	argv.py "${a[@]}"
171	## stdout: ['0', '1', '2 3', '4 5']
172
173	#### Exporting array doesn't do anything, not even first element
174	# bash parses, but doesn't execute.
175	# mksh gives syntax error -- parses differently with 'export'
176	# osh no longer parses this statically.
177	export PYTHONPATH=(a b c)
178	export PYTHONPATH=a # NOTE: in bash, this doesn't work afterward!
179	printenv.py PYTHONPATH
180	## stdout: None
181	## OK mksh stdout-json: ""
182	## OK mksh status: 1
183	## OK osh stdout-json: ""
184	## OK osh status: 2
185
186	#### Env with array
187	# Hm it treats it as a string!
188	A=a B=(b b) printenv.py A B
189	## stdout-json: "a\n(b b)\n"
190	## BUG mksh stdout-json: ""
191	## BUG mksh status: 1
192
193	#### Set element
194	a=(1 '2 3')
195	a[0]=9
196	argv.py "${a[@]}"
197	## stdout: ['9', '2 3']
198
199	#### Set element with var ref
200	a=(1 '2 3')
201	i=0
202	a[$i]=9
203	argv.py "${a[@]}"
204	## stdout: ['9', '2 3']
205
206	#### Set element with array ref
207	# This makes parsing a little more complex. Anything can be inside [],
208	# including other [].
209	a=(1 '2 3')
210	i=(0 1)
211	a[${i[1]}]=9
212	argv.py "${a[@]}"
213	## stdout: ['1', '9']
214
215	#### Set array item to array
216	a=(1 2)
217	a[0]=(3 4)
218	echo "status=$?"
219	## stdout: status=1
220	## status: 0
221	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
222	## N-I mksh status: 1
223
224	#### Slice of array with [@]
225	# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension.
226	a=(1 2 3)
227	argv.py "${a[@]:1:2}"
228	## stdout: ['2', '3']
229	## N-I mksh status: 1
230	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
231
232	#### Negative slice
233	# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension.
234	# NOTE: for some reason -2) has to be in parens? Ah that's because it
235	# conflicts with :-! That's silly. You can also add a space.
236	a=(1 2 3)
237	argv.py "${a[@]:(-2):1}"
238	## stdout: ['2']
239	## N-I mksh status: 1
240	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
241
242	#### Slice with arithmetic
243	a=(1 2 3)
244	i=5
245	argv.py "${a[@]:i-4:2}"
246	## stdout: ['2', '3']
247	## N-I mksh status: 1
248	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
249
250	#### Number of elements
251	a=(1 '2 3')
252	echo "${#a[@]}" ${#a[@]} # bug fix: also test without quotes
253	## stdout: 2 2
254
255	#### Length of an element
256	a=(1 '2 3')
257	echo "${#a[1]}"
258	## stdout: 3
259
260	#### Iteration
261	a=(1 '2 3')
262	for v in "${a[@]}"; do
263	echo $v
264	done
265	## stdout-json: "1\n2 3\n"
266
267	#### glob within array yields separate elements
268	touch _tmp/y.Y _tmp/yy.Y
269	a=(_tmp/*.Y)
270	argv.py "${a[@]}"
271	## stdout: ['_tmp/y.Y', '_tmp/yy.Y']
272
273	#### declare array and then append
274	declare -a array
275	array+=(a)
276	array+=(b c)
277	argv.py "${array[@]}"
278	## stdout: ['a', 'b', 'c']
279
280	#### Array syntax in wrong place
281	ls foo=(1 2)
282	## status: 2
283	## OK mksh status: 1
284
285	#### Single array with :-
286	# bash does EMPTY ELISION here, unless it's double quoted. mksh has
287	# more sane behavior. OSH is better.
288	single=('')
289	argv.py ${single[@]:-none} x "${single[@]:-none}"
290	## OK osh stdout: ['x', '']
291	## OK bash stdout: ['none', 'x', '']
292	## OK mksh stdout: ['none', 'x', 'none']
293
294	#### Stripping a whole array unquoted
295	# Problem: it joins it first.
296	files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c')
297	argv.py ${files[@]%.c}
298	## status: 0
299	## stdout: ['foo', 'sp', 'ace.h', 'bar']
300	## N-I mksh status: 1
301	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
302
303	#### Stripping a whole array quoted
304	files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c')
305	argv.py "${files[@]%.c}"
306	## status: 0
307	## stdout: ['foo', 'sp ace.h', 'bar']
308	## N-I mksh status: 1
309	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
310
311	#### Multiple subscripts not allowed
312	a=('123' '456')
313	argv.py "${a[0]}" "${a[0][0]}"
314	## stdout-json: ""
315	## status: 2
316	## OK mksh status: 1
317	# bash is bad -- it IGNORES the bad subscript.
318	## BUG bash status: 0
319	## BUG bash stdout: ['123', '123']
320
321	#### Length op, index op, then transform op is not allowed
322	a=('123' '456')
323	echo "${#a[0]}" "${#a[0]/1/xxx}"
324	## stdout-json: ""
325	## status: 2
326	## OK mksh status: 1
327	# bash is bad -- it IGNORES the op at the end
328	## BUG bash status: 0
329	## BUG bash stdout: 3 3
330
331	#### Array subscript not allowed on string
332	s='abc'
333	echo ${s[@]}
334	## BUG bash/mksh status: 0
335	## BUG bash/mksh stdout: abc
336	## status: 1
337
338	#### Create a "user" array out of the argv array
339	set -- 'a b' 'c'
340	array1=('x y' 'z')
341	array2=("$@")
342	argv.py "${array1[@]}" "${array2[@]}"
343	## stdout: ['x y', 'z', 'a b', 'c']
344
345	#### Tilde expansion within array
346	HOME=/home/bob
347	a=(~/src ~/git)
348	echo "${a[@]}"
349	## stdout: /home/bob/src /home/bob/git
350
351	#### Brace Expansion within Array
352	a=(-{a,b} {c,d}-)
353	echo "${a[@]}"
354	## stdout: -a -b c- d-
355
356	#### array default
357	default=('1 2' '3')
358	argv.py "${undef[@]:-${default[@]}}"
359	## stdout: ['1 2', '3']
360
361	#### Singleton Array Copy and Assign
362	a=( '12 3' )
363	b=( "${a[@]}" )
364	c="${a[@]}" # This decays it to a string
365	d=$a # This decays it to a string
366	echo ${#a[0]} ${#b[0]} ${#c[0]} ${#d[0]}
367	echo ${#a[@]} ${#b[@]} ${#c[@]} ${#d[@]}
368	## STDOUT:
369	4 4 4 4
370	1 1 1 1
371	## END
372
373	#### declare -a / local -a is empty array
374	declare -a myarray
375	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
376	myarray+=('x')
377	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
378
379	f() {
380	local -a myarray
381	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
382	myarray+=('x')
383	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
384	}
385	f
386	## STDOUT:
387	[]
388	['x']
389	[]
390	['x']
391	## END
392
393	#### Create sparse array
394	a=()
395	(( a[99]=1 )) # osh doesn't parse index assignment outside arithmetic yet
396	echo len=${#a[@]}
397	argv.py "${a[@]}"
398	echo "unset=${a[33]}"
399	echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]}
400	## STDOUT:
401	len=1
402	['1']
403	unset=
404	len-of-unset=0
405	## END
406
407	#### Create sparse array implicitly
408	(( a[99]=1 ))
409	echo len=${#a[@]}
410	argv.py "${a[@]}"
411	echo "unset=${a[33]}"
412	echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]}
413	## STDOUT:
414	len=1
415	['1']
416	unset=
417	len-of-unset=0
418	## END
419
420	#### Append sparse arrays
421	a=()
422	(( a[99]=1 ))
423	b=()
424	(( b[33]=2 ))
425	(( b[66]=3 ))
426	a+=( "${b[@]}" )
427	argv.py "${a[@]}"
428	argv.py "${a[99]}" "${a[100]}" "${a[101]}"
429	## STDOUT:
430	['1', '2', '3']
431	['1', '2', '3']
432	## END
433
434	#### Slice of sparse array with [@]
435	# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension.
436	(( a[33]=1 ))
437	(( a[66]=2 ))
438	(( a[99]=2 ))
439	argv.py "${a[@]:15:2}"
440	## stdout: ['1', '2']
441	## N-I mksh status: 1
442	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""