1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2
3	#### >&
4	echo hi 1>&2
5	## stderr: hi
6
7	#### <&
8	# Is there a simpler test case for this?
9	echo foo > $TMP/lessamp.txt
10	exec 5< $TMP/lessamp.txt
11	read line <&5
12	echo "[$line]"
13	## stdout: [foo]
14
15	#### Leading redirect
16	echo hello >$TMP/hello.txt # temporary fix
17	<$TMP/hello.txt cat
18	## stdout: hello
19
20	#### Nonexistent file
21	cat <$TMP/nonexistent.txt
22	echo status=$?
23	## stdout: status=1
24	## OK dash stdout: status=2
25
26	#### Redirect in command sub
27	FOO=$(echo foo 1>&2)
28	echo $FOO
29	## stdout:
30	## stderr: foo
31
32	#### Redirect in assignment is invalid
33	# Hm this is valid in bash and dash. It's parsed as an assigment with a
34	# redirect, which doesn't make sense. But it's a mistake, and should be a W2
35	# warning for us.
36	FOO=bar 2>/dev/null
37	## status: 2
38	## OK bash/dash/mksh status: 0
39
40	#### Redirect in assignment
41	# dash captures stderr to a file here, which seems correct. Bash doesn't and
42	# just lets it go to actual stderr.
43	# For now we agree with dash/mksh, since it involves fewer special cases in the
44	# code.
45	FOO=$(echo foo 1>&2) 2>$TMP/no-command.txt
46	echo FILE=
47	cat $TMP/no-command.txt
48	echo "FOO=$FOO"
49	## status: 2
50	## OK dash/mksh stdout-json: "FILE=\nfoo\nFOO=\n"
51	## OK dash/mksh status: 0
52	## BUG bash stdout-json: "FILE=\nFOO=\n"
53	## OK bash status: 0
54
55	#### Redirect in function body.
56	func() { echo hi; } 1>&2
57	func
58	## stdout-json: ""
59	## stderr-json: "hi\n"
60
61	#### Redirect in function body is evaluated multiple times
62	i=0
63	func() { echo "file $i"; } 1> "$TMP/file$((i++))"
64	func
65	func
66	echo i=$i
67	echo __
68	cat $TMP/file0
69	echo __
70	cat $TMP/file1
71	## stdout-json: "i=2\n__\nfile 1\n__\nfile 2\n"
72	## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
73	## N-I dash status: 2
74
75	#### Redirect in function body AND function call
76	func() { echo hi; } 1>&2
77	func 2>&1
78	## stdout-json: "hi\n"
79	## stderr-json: ""
80
81	#### Descriptor redirect with spaces
82	# Hm this seems like a failure of lookahead! The second thing should look to a
83	# file-like thing.
84	# I think this is a posix issue.
85	# tag: posix-issue
86	echo one 1>&2
87	echo two 1 >&2
88	echo three 1>& 2
89	## stderr-json: "one\ntwo 1\nthree\n"
90
91	#### Filename redirect with spaces
92	# This time 1 *is* a descriptor, not a word. If you add a space between 1 and
93	# >, it doesn't work.
94	echo two 1> $TMP/file-redir1.txt
95	cat $TMP/file-redir1.txt
96	## stdout: two
97
98	#### Quoted filename redirect with spaces
99	# POSIX makes node of this
100	echo two \1 > $TMP/file-redir2.txt
101	cat $TMP/file-redir2.txt
102	## stdout: two 1
103
104	#### Descriptor redirect with filename
105	# bash/mksh treat this like a filename, not a descriptor.
106	# dash aborts.
107	echo one 1>&$TMP/nonexistent-filename__
108	echo "status=$?"
109	## stdout: status=1
110	## BUG bash stdout: status=0
111	## OK dash stdout-json: ""
112	## OK dash status: 2
113
114	#### redirect for loop
115	for i in $(seq 3)
116	do
117	echo $i
118	done > $TMP/redirect-for-loop.txt
119	cat $TMP/redirect-for-loop.txt
120	## stdout-json: "1\n2\n3\n"
121
122	#### redirect subshell
123	( echo foo ) 1>&2
124	## stderr: foo
125	## stdout-json: ""
126
127	#### Prefix redirect for loop -- not allowed
128	>$TMP/redirect2.txt for i in $(seq 3)
129	do
130	echo $i
131	done
132	cat $TMP/redirect2.txt
133	## status: 2
134	## OK mksh status: 1
135
136	#### Brace group redirect
137	# Suffix works, but prefix does NOT work.
138	# That comes from '| compound_command redirect_list' in the grammar!
139	{ echo block-redirect; } > $TMP/br.txt
140	cat $TMP/br.txt | wc -c
141	## stdout: 15
142
143	#### Redirect echo to stderr, and then redirect all of stdout somewhere.
144	{ echo foo 1>&2; echo 012345789; } > $TMP/block-stdout.txt
145	cat $TMP/block-stdout.txt | wc -c
146	## stderr: foo
147	## stdout: 10
148
149	#### Redirect in the middle of two assignments
150	FOO=foo >$TMP/out.txt BAR=bar printenv.py FOO BAR
151	tac $TMP/out.txt
152	## stdout-json: "bar\nfoo\n"
153
154	#### Redirect in the middle of a command
155	f=$TMP/out
156	echo -n 1 2 '3 ' > $f
157	echo -n 4 5 >> $f '6 '
158	echo -n 7 >> $f 8 '9 '
159	echo -n >> $f 1 2 '3 '
160	echo >> $f -n 4 5 '6 '
161	cat $f
162	## stdout-json: "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 "
163
164	#### Named file descriptor
165	exec {myfd}> $TMP/named-fd.txt
166	echo named-fd-contents >& $myfd
167	cat $TMP/named-fd.txt
168	## stdout: named-fd-contents
169	## status: 0
170	## N-I dash/mksh stdout-json: ""
171	## N-I dash/mksh status: 127
172
173	#### Redirect function stdout
174	f() { echo one; echo two; }
175	f > $TMP/redirect-func.txt
176	cat $TMP/redirect-func.txt
177	## stdout-json: "one\ntwo\n"
178
179	#### Nested function stdout redirect
180	# Shows that a stack is necessary.
181	inner() {
182	echo i1
183	echo i2
184	}
185	outer() {
186	echo o1
187	inner > $TMP/inner.txt
188	echo o2
189	}
190	outer > $TMP/outer.txt
191	cat $TMP/inner.txt
192	echo --
193	cat $TMP/outer.txt
194	## stdout-json: "i1\ni2\n--\no1\no2\n"
195
196	#### Redirect to empty string
197	f=''
198	echo s > "$f"
199	echo "result=$?"
200	set -o errexit
201	echo s > "$f"
202	echo DONE
203	## stdout: result=1
204	## status: 1
205	## OK dash stdout: result=2
206	## OK dash status: 2
207
208	#### Redirect to file descriptor that's not open
209	# BUGS:
210	# - dash doesn't allow file descriptors greater than 9. (This is a good thing,
211	# because the bash chapter in AOSA book mentions that juggling user vs. system
212	# file descriptors is a huge pain.)
213	# - But somehow running in parallel under spec-runner.sh changes whether descriptor
214	# 3 is open. e.g. 'echo hi 1>&3'. Possibly because of /usr/bin/time. The
215	# _tmp/spec/*.task.txt file gets corrupted!
216	# - Oh this is because I use time --output-file. That opens descriptor 3. And
217	# then time forks the shell script. The file descriptor table is inherited.
218	# - You actually have to set the file descriptor to something. What do
219	# configure and debootstrap too?
220	echo hi 1>&9
221	## status: 1
222	## OK dash status: 2
223
224	#### Open descriptor with exec
225	# What is the point of this? ./configure scripts and debootstrap use it.
226	exec 3>&1
227	echo hi 1>&3
228	## stdout: hi
229	## status: 0
230
231	#### Open multiple descriptors with exec
232	# What is the point of this? ./configure scripts and debootstrap use it.
233	exec 3>&1
234	exec 4>&1
235	echo three 1>&3
236	echo four 1>&4
237	## stdout-json: "three\nfour\n"
238	## status: 0
239
240	#### >| to clobber
241	echo XX >| $TMP/c.txt
242	set -o noclobber
243	echo YY > $TMP/c.txt # not globber
244	echo status=$?
245	cat $TMP/c.txt
246	echo ZZ >| $TMP/c.txt
247	cat $TMP/c.txt
248	## stdout-json: "status=1\nXX\nZZ\n"
249	## OK dash stdout-json: "status=2\nXX\nZZ\n"
250
251	#### &> redirects stdout and stderr
252	stdout_stderr.py &> $TMP/f.txt
253	# order is indeterminate
254	grep STDOUT $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
255	grep STDERR $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
256	## STDOUT:
257	ok
258	ok
259	## END
260	## N-I dash stdout: STDOUT
261	## N-I dash stderr: STDERR
262	## N-I dash status: 1
263
264	#### 1>&2- to close file descriptor
265	# NOTE: "hi\n" goes to stderr, but it's hard to test this because other shells
266	# put errors on stderr.
267	echo hi 1>&2-
268	## stdout-json: ""
269	## N-I dash status: 2
270	## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
271	## N-I mksh status: 1
272	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
273
274	#### <> for read/write
275	echo first >$TMP/rw.txt
276	exec 8<>$TMP/rw.txt
277	read line <&8
278	echo line=$line
279	echo second 1>&8
280	echo CONTENTS
281	cat $TMP/rw.txt
282	## stdout-json: "line=first\nCONTENTS\nfirst\nsecond\n"
283
284	#### &>> appends stdout and stderr
285	echo "ok" > $TMP/f.txt
286	stdout_stderr.py &>> $TMP/f.txt
287	grep ok $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
288	grep STDOUT $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
289	grep STDERR $TMP/f.txt >/dev/null && echo 'ok'
290	## STDOUT:
291	ok
292	ok
293	ok
294	## END
295	## N-I dash STDOUT:
296	ok
297	STDOUT
298
299	## END
300	## N-I dash status: 1