1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2	#
3	# printf
4	# bash-completion uses this odd printf -v construction. It seems to mostly use
5	# %s and %q though.
6	#
7	# %s should just be
8	# declare $var='val'
9	#
10	# NOTE:
11	# /usr/bin/printf %q "'" seems wrong.
12	# $ /usr/bin/printf %q "'"
13	# ''\'''
14	#
15	# I suppose it is technically correct, but it looks very ugly.
16
17	#### printf -v %s
18	var=foo
19	printf -v $var %s 'hello there'
20	argv.py "$foo"
21	## STDOUT:
22	['hello there']
23	## END
24	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
25	-v['']
26	## END
27	## N-I dash STDOUT:
28	['']
29	## END
30
31	#### printf -v %q
32	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
33
34	# quote 'val' and store it in foo
35	printf -v foo %q "$val"
36	# then round trip back to eval
37	eval "bar=$foo"
38
39	# debugging:
40	#echo foo="$foo"
41	#echo bar="$bar"
42	#echo val="$val"
43
44	test "$bar" = "$val" && echo OK
45	## STDOUT:
46	OK
47	## END
48	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash stdout-json: "-v"
49	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash status: 1
50	## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
51	## N-I dash status: 1
52
53	#### printf -v a[1]
54	a=(a b c)
55	printf -v 'a[1]' %s 'foo'
56	echo status=$?
57	argv.py "${a[@]}"
58	## STDOUT:
59	status=0
60	['a', 'foo', 'c']
61	## END
62	## N-I mksh/zsh STDOUT:
63	-vstatus=0
64	['a', 'b', 'c']
65	## END
66	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
67	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
68	## N-I osh STDOUT:
69	status=2
70	['a', 'b', 'c']
71	## END
72
73	#### dynamic declare instead of %s
74	var=foo
75	declare $var='hello there'
76	argv.py "$foo"
77	## STDOUT:
78	['hello there']
79	## END
80	## N-I dash/mksh/ash STDOUT:
81	['']
82	## END
83
84	#### dynamic declare instead of %q
85	var=foo
86	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
87	# I think this is bash 4.4 only.
88	declare $var="${val@Q}"
89	echo "$foo"
90	## STDOUT:
91	'"quoted" with spaces and \'
92	## END
93	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
94	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
95	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "\n"
96	## N-I zsh stdout-json: ""
97	## N-I zsh status: 1
98
99	#### printf -v dynamic scope
100	case $SH in *mksh|*zsh|*dash|*/ash) echo not implemented; exit ;; esac
101	# OK so printf is like assigning to a var.
102	# printf -v foo %q "$bar" is like
103	# foo=${bar@Q}
104	dollar='dollar'
105	f() {
106	local mylocal=foo
107	printf -v dollar %q '$' # assign foo to a quoted dollar
108	printf -v mylocal %q 'mylocal'
109	echo dollar=$dollar
110	echo mylocal=$mylocal
111	}
112	echo dollar=$dollar
113	echo --
114	f
115	echo --
116	echo dollar=$dollar
117	echo mylocal=$mylocal
118	## STDOUT:
119	dollar=dollar
120	--
121	dollar=\$
122	mylocal=mylocal
123	--
124	dollar=\$
125	mylocal=
126	## END
127	## OK osh STDOUT:
128	dollar=dollar
129	--
130	dollar='$'
131	mylocal='mylocal'
132	--
133	dollar='$'
134	mylocal=
135	## END
136	## N-I dash/ash/mksh/zsh STDOUT:
137	not implemented
138	## END
139
140	#### printf with too few arguments
141	printf -- '-%s-%s-%s-\n' 'a b' 'x y'
142	## STDOUT:
143	-a b-x y--
144	## END
145
146	#### printf with too many arguments
147	printf -- '-%s-%s-\n' a b c d e
148	## STDOUT:
149	-a-b-
150	-c-d-
151	-e--
152	## END
153
154	#### printf width strings
155	printf '[%5s]\n' abc
156	printf '[%-5s]\n' abc
157	## STDOUT:
158	[ abc]
159	[abc ]
160	## END
161
162	#### printf integer
163	printf '%d\n' 42
164	printf '%i\n' 42 # synonym
165	printf '[%5d]\n' 42
166	printf '[%-5d]\n' 42
167	printf '[%05d]\n' 42
168	#printf '[%-05d]\n' 42 # the leading 0 is meaningless
169	#[42 ]
170	## STDOUT:
171	42
172	42
173	[ 42]
174	[42 ]
175	[00042]
176	## END
177
178	#### printf %6.4d -- precision means something different for integers !?
179	printf '[%6.4d]\n' 42
180	## STDOUT:
181	[ 0042]
182	## END
183	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
184	## N-I osh status: 2
185
186	#### printf %6.4s does both truncation and padding
187	printf '[%6s]\n' foo
188	printf '[%6.4s]\n' foo
189	printf '[%-6.4s]\n' foo
190	printf '[%6s]\n' spam-eggs
191	printf '[%6.4s]\n' spam-eggs
192	printf '[%-6.4s]\n' spam-eggs
193	## STDOUT:
194	[ foo]
195	[ foo]
196	[foo ]
197	[spam-eggs]
198	[ spam]
199	[spam ]
200	## END
201
202	#### printf %6.0s and %0.0s
203	printf '[%6.0s]\n' foo
204	printf '[%0.0s]\n' foo
205	## STDOUT:
206	[ ]
207	[]
208	## END
209	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "[ ]\n["
210	## N-I mksh status: 1
211
212	#### unsigned / octal / hex
213	printf '[%u]\n' 42
214	printf '[%o]\n' 42
215	printf '[%x]\n' 42
216	printf '[%X]\n' 42
217	## STDOUT:
218	[42]
219	[52]
220	[2a]
221	[2A]
222	## END
223
224	#### negative numbers with unsigned / octal / hex
225	printf '[%u]\n' -42
226	printf '[%o]\n' -42
227	printf '[%x]\n' -42
228	printf '[%X]\n' -42
229	## STDOUT:
230	[18446744073709551574]
231	[1777777777777777777726]
232	[ffffffffffffffd6]
233	[FFFFFFFFFFFFFFD6]
234	## END
235
236	# osh DISALLOWS this because the output depends on the machine architecture.
237	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
238	## N-I osh status: 1
239
240	#### printf floating point (not required, but they all implement it)
241	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14159
242	printf '[%.2f]\n' 3.14159
243	printf '[%8.2f]\n' 3.14159
244	printf '[%-8.2f]\n' 3.14159
245	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14159
246	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14
247	## STDOUT:
248	[3.141590]
249	[3.14]
250	[ 3.14]
251	[3.14 ]
252	[3.141590]
253	[3.140000]
254	## END
255	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
256	## N-I osh status: 2
257
258	#### printf floating point with - and 0
259	printf '[%8.4f]\n' 3.14
260	printf '[%08.4f]\n' 3.14
261	printf '[%8.04f]\n' 3.14 # meaning less 0
262	printf '[%08.04f]\n' 3.14
263	echo ---
264	# these all boil down to the same thing. The -, 8, and 4 are respected, but
265	# none of the 0 are.
266	printf '[%-8.4f]\n' 3.14
267	printf '[%-08.4f]\n' 3.14
268	printf '[%-8.04f]\n' 3.14
269	printf '[%-08.04f]\n' 3.14
270	## STDOUT:
271	[ 3.1400]
272	[003.1400]
273	[ 3.1400]
274	[003.1400]
275	---
276	[3.1400 ]
277	[3.1400 ]
278	[3.1400 ]
279	[3.1400 ]
280	## END
281	## N-I osh STDOUT:
282	---
283	## END
284	## N-I osh status: 2
285
286	#### printf eE fF gG
287	printf '[%e]\n' 3.14
288	printf '[%E]\n' 3.14
289	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14
290	# bash is the only one that implements %F? Is it a synonym?
291	#printf '[%F]\n' 3.14
292	printf '[%g]\n' 3.14
293	printf '[%G]\n' 3.14
294	## STDOUT:
295	[3.140000e+00]
296	[3.140000E+00]
297	[3.140000]
298	[3.14]
299	[3.14]
300	## END
301	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
302	## N-I osh status: 2
303
304	#### printf backslash escapes
305	argv.py "$(printf 'a\tb')"
306	argv.py "$(printf '\xE2\x98\xA0')"
307	argv.py "$(printf '\044e')"
308	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')" # out of range
309	## STDOUT:
310	['a\tb']
311	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
312	['$e']
313	['\x1f7']
314	## END
315	## N-I dash STDOUT:
316	['a\tb']
317	['\\xE2\\x98\\xA0']
318	['$e']
319	['\x1f7']
320	## END
321
322	#### printf octal backslash escapes
323	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')"
324	argv.py "$(printf '\377')"
325	## STDOUT:
326	['\x1f7']
327	['\xff']
328	## END
329
330	#### printf unicode backslash escapes
331	argv.py "$(printf '\u2620')"
332	argv.py "$(printf '\U0000065f')"
333	## STDOUT:
334	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
335	['\xd9\x9f']
336	## END
337	## N-I dash/ash STDOUT:
338	['\\u2620']
339	['\\U0000065f']
340	## END
341
342	#### printf invalid backslash escape (is ignored)
343	printf '[\Z]\n'
344	## STDOUT:
345	[\Z]
346	## END
347
348	#### printf % escapes
349	printf '[%%]\n'
350	## STDOUT:
351	[%]
352	## END
353
354	#### printf %b backslash escaping
355	printf '[%s]\n' '\044' # escapes not evaluated
356	printf '[%b]\n' '\044' # YES, escapes evaluated
357	echo status=$?
358	## STDOUT:
359	[\044]
360	[$]
361	status=0
362	## END
363	## N-I osh STDOUT:
364	[\044]
365	status=2
366	## END
367
368	#### printf %c -- doesn't respect UTF-8! Bad.
369	twomu=$'\u03bc\u03bc'
370	printf '[%s]\n' "$twomu"
371	printf '%c' "$twomu" | wc --bytes
372	## STDOUT:
373	[μμ]
374	1
375	## END
376	## N-I dash STDOUT:
377	[$\u03bc\u03bc]
378	1
379	## END
380	## N-I ash STDOUT:
381	[\u03bc\u03bc]
382	1
383	## END
384	## N-I osh STDOUT:
385	[μμ]
386	0
387	## END
388
389	#### printf invalid format
390	printf '%z' 42
391	echo status=$?
392	printf '%-z' 42
393	echo status=$?
394	## STDOUT:
395	status=1
396	status=1
397	## END
398	# osh emits parse errors
399	## OK osh STDOUT:
400	status=2
401	status=2
402	## END
403	## BUG ash STDOUT:
404	status=0
405	status=0
406	## END
407
408	#### printf %q
409	x='a b'
410	printf '[%q]\n' "$x"
411	## STDOUT:
412	['a b']
413	## END
414	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
415	[a\ b]
416	## END
417	## N-I ash/dash stdout-json: "["
418	## N-I ash/dash status: 1
419
420	#### printf %6q (width)
421	# NOTE: coreutils /usr/bin/printf does NOT implement this %6q !!!
422	x='a b'
423	printf '[%6q]\n' "$x"
424	## STDOUT:
425	[ 'a b']
426	## END
427	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
428	[ a\ b]
429	## END
430	## N-I mksh/ash/dash stdout-json: "["
431	## N-I mksh/ash/dash status: 1
432
433	#### printf + and space flags
434	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
435	printf '[%+d]\n' 42
436	printf '[%+d]\n' -42
437	printf '[% d]\n' 42
438	printf '[% d]\n' -42
439	## STDOUT:
440	[+42]
441	[-42]
442	[ 42]
443	[-42]
444	## END
445	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
446	## N-I osh status: 2
447
448	#### printf # flag
449	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
450	printf '[%#o]\n' 42
451	printf '[%#x]\n' 42
452	printf '[%#X]\n' 42
453	echo ---
454	printf '[%#f]\n' 3
455	## STDOUT:
456	[052]
457	[0x2a]
458	[0X2A]
459	---
460	[3.000000]
461	## END
462	## N-I osh STDOUT:
463	---
464	## END
465	## N-I osh status: 2
466
467	#### Runtime error for invalid integer
468	x=3abc
469	printf '%d\n' $x
470	echo status=$?
471	printf '%d\n' xyz
472	echo status=$?
473	## STDOUT:
474	3
475	status=1
476	0
477	status=1
478	## END
479	# zsh should exit 1 in both cases
480	## BUG zsh STDOUT:
481	0
482	status=1
483	0
484	status=0
485	## END
486	# fails but also prints 0 instead of 3abc
487	## BUG ash STDOUT:
488	0
489	status=1
490	0
491	status=1
492	## END
493	# osh doesn't print anything invalid
494	## OK osh STDOUT:
495	status=1
496	status=1
497	## END
498
499	#### %(strftime format)T
500	printf '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' 1557978599
501	echo status=$?
502	## STDOUT:
503	2019-05-15
504	status=0
505	## END
506	## N-I dash/mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
507	status=1
508	## END
509	## N-I osh STDOUT:
510	status=2
511	## END