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#!/usr/bin/env bash |
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|
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# TODO: Need a SETUP section. |
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|
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#### SETUP |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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|
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#### "${a[@]}" and "${a[*]}" |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[*]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2 3', '1 2 3'] |
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|
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#### ${a[@]} and ${a[*]} |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py ${a[@]} ${a[*]} |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3'] |
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|
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#### 4 ways to interpolate empty array |
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argv.py 1 "${a[@]}" 2 ${a[@]} 3 "${a[*]}" 4 ${a[*]} 5 |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '', '4', '5'] |
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|
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#### empty array |
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empty=() |
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argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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## stdout: [] |
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|
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#### Empty array with :- |
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empty=() |
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argv.py ${empty[@]:-not one} "${empty[@]:-not one}" |
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## stdout: ['not', 'one', 'not one'] |
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|
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#### nounset with empty array (design bug, makes it hard to use arrays) |
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# http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-bash/2017-09/msg00005.html |
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# TODO: sane-arrays should get rid of this problem. |
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set -o nounset |
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empty=() |
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argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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echo status=$? |
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## stdout-json: "[]\nstatus=0\n" |
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## BUG bash/mksh stdout-json: "" |
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## BUG bash/mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### local array |
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# mksh support local variables, but not local arrays, oddly. |
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f() { |
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local a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[0]}" |
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} |
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f |
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## stdout: ['1'] |
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## status: 0 |
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## BUG mksh status: 1 |
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## BUG mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Command with with word splitting in array |
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array=('1 2' $(echo '3 4')) |
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argv.py "${array[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1 2', '3', '4'] |
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|
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#### space before ( in array initialization |
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# NOTE: mksh accepts this, but bash doesn't |
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a= (1 '2 3') |
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echo $a |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 0 |
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## OK mksh stdout: 1 |
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|
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#### array over multiple lines |
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a=( |
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1 |
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'2 3' |
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) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2 3'] |
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## status: 0 |
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|
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#### array with invalid token |
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a=( |
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1 |
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& |
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'2 3' |
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) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### array with empty string |
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empty=('') |
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argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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## stdout: [''] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[1]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve out of bounds index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[3]}" |
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## stdout: [''] |
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|
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#### Negative index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[-1]}" "${a[-2]}" "${a[-5]}" # last one out of bounds |
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## stdout: ['2 3', '1', ''] |
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## N-I mksh stdout: ['', '', ''] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a variable |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=1 |
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argv.py "${a[$i]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a variable without $ |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=5 |
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argv.py "${a[i-4]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a command sub |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[$(echo 1)]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve all indices with ! |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['0', '1'] |
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|
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#### ${!a[1]} is named ref in bash |
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# mksh ignores it |
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foo=bar |
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a=('1 2' foo '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a[1]}" |
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## status: 0 |
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## stdout: ['bar'] |
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## N-I mksh stdout: ['a[1]'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve indices without [] |
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# bash gives empty string? |
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# mksh gives the name of the variable with !. Very weird. |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a}" |
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## stdout: [''] |
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## OK mksh stdout: ['a'] |
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|
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#### All elements unquoted |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py ${a[@]} |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3'] |
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|
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#### All elements quoted |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2 3'] |
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|
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#### $* |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py ${a[*]} |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3'] |
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|
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#### "$*" |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[*]}" |
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## stdout: ['1 2 3'] |
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|
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#### Interpolate array into array |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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a=(0 "${a[@]}" '4 5') |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['0', '1', '2 3', '4 5'] |
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|
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#### Exporting array doesn't do anything, not even first element |
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# bash parses, but doesn't execute. |
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# mksh gives syntax error -- parses differently with 'export' |
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# osh no longer parses this statically. |
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export PYTHONPATH=(a b c) |
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export PYTHONPATH=a # NOTE: in bash, this doesn't work afterward! |
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printenv.py PYTHONPATH |
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## stdout: None |
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## OK mksh stdout-json: "" |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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## OK osh stdout-json: "" |
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## OK osh status: 2 |
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|
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#### Env with array |
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# Hm it treats it as a string! |
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A=a B=(b b) printenv.py A B |
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## stdout-json: "a\n(b b)\n" |
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## BUG mksh stdout-json: "" |
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## BUG mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### Set element |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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a[0]=9 |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['9', '2 3'] |
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|
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#### Set element with var ref |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=0 |
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a[$i]=9 |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['9', '2 3'] |
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|
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#### Set element with array ref |
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# This makes parsing a little more complex. Anything can be inside [], |
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# including other []. |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=(0 1) |
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a[${i[1]}]=9 |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '9'] |
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|
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#### Set array item to array |
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a=(1 2) |
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a[0]=(3 4) |
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echo "status=$?" |
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## stdout: status=1 |
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## status: 0 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### Slice of array with [@] |
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# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
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a=(1 2 3) |
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argv.py "${a[@]:1:2}" |
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## stdout: ['2', '3'] |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Negative slice |
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# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
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# NOTE: for some reason -2) has to be in parens? Ah that's because it |
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# conflicts with :-! That's silly. You can also add a space. |
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a=(1 2 3) |
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argv.py "${a[@]:(-2):1}" |
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## stdout: ['2'] |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Slice with arithmetic |
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a=(1 2 3) |
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i=5 |
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argv.py "${a[@]:i-4:2}" |
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## stdout: ['2', '3'] |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Number of elements |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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echo "${#a[@]}" ${#a[@]} # bug fix: also test without quotes |
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## stdout: 2 2 |
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|
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#### Length of an element |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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echo "${#a[1]}" |
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## stdout: 3 |
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|
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#### Iteration |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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for v in "${a[@]}"; do |
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echo $v |
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done |
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## stdout-json: "1\n2 3\n" |
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|
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#### glob within array yields separate elements |
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touch _tmp/y.Y _tmp/yy.Y |
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a=(_tmp/*.Y) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['_tmp/y.Y', '_tmp/yy.Y'] |
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|
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#### declare array and then append |
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declare -a array |
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array+=(a) |
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array+=(b c) |
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argv.py "${array[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['a', 'b', 'c'] |
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|
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#### Array syntax in wrong place |
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ls foo=(1 2) |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### Single array with :- |
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# bash does EMPTY ELISION here, unless it's double quoted. mksh has |
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# more sane behavior. OSH is better. |
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single=('') |
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argv.py ${single[@]:-none} x "${single[@]:-none}" |
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## OK osh stdout: ['x', ''] |
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## OK bash stdout: ['none', 'x', ''] |
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## OK mksh stdout: ['none', 'x', 'none'] |
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|
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#### Stripping a whole array unquoted |
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# Problem: it joins it first. |
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files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c') |
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argv.py ${files[@]%.c} |
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## status: 0 |
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## stdout: ['foo', 'sp', 'ace.h', 'bar'] |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Stripping a whole array quoted |
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files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c') |
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argv.py "${files[@]%.c}" |
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## status: 0 |
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## stdout: ['foo', 'sp ace.h', 'bar'] |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Multiple subscripts not allowed |
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a=('123' '456') |
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argv.py "${a[0]}" "${a[0][0]}" |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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# bash is bad -- it IGNORES the bad subscript. |
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## BUG bash status: 0 |
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## BUG bash stdout: ['123', '123'] |
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|
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#### Length op, index op, then transform op is not allowed |
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a=('123' '456') |
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echo "${#a[0]}" "${#a[0]/1/xxx}" |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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# bash is bad -- it IGNORES the op at the end |
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## BUG bash status: 0 |
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## BUG bash stdout: 3 3 |
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|
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#### Array subscript not allowed on string |
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s='abc' |
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echo ${s[@]} |
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## BUG bash/mksh status: 0 |
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## BUG bash/mksh stdout: abc |
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## status: 1 |
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|
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#### Create a "user" array out of the argv array |
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set -- 'a b' 'c' |
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array1=('x y' 'z') |
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array2=("$@") |
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argv.py "${array1[@]}" "${array2[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['x y', 'z', 'a b', 'c'] |
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|
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#### Tilde expansion within array |
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HOME=/home/bob |
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a=(~/src ~/git) |
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echo "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: /home/bob/src /home/bob/git |
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|
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#### Brace Expansion within Array |
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a=(-{a,b} {c,d}-) |
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echo "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: -a -b c- d- |
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|
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#### array default |
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default=('1 2' '3') |
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argv.py "${undef[@]:-${default[@]}}" |
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## stdout: ['1 2', '3'] |
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|
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#### Singleton Array Copy and Assign |
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a=( '12 3' ) |
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b=( "${a[@]}" ) |
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c="${a[@]}" # This decays it to a string |
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d=$a # This decays it to a string |
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echo ${#a[0]} ${#b[0]} ${#c[0]} ${#d[0]} |
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echo ${#a[@]} ${#b[@]} ${#c[@]} ${#d[@]} |
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## STDOUT: |
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4 4 4 4 |
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1 1 1 1 |
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## END |
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|
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#### declare -a / local -a is empty array |
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declare -a myarray |
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argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
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myarray+=('x') |
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argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
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|
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f() { |
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local -a myarray |
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argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
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myarray+=('x') |
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argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
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} |
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f |
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## STDOUT: |
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[] |
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['x'] |
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[] |
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['x'] |
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## END |
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|
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#### Create sparse array |
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a=() |
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(( a[99]=1 )) # osh doesn't parse index assignment outside arithmetic yet |
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echo len=${#a[@]} |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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echo "unset=${a[33]}" |
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echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]} |
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## STDOUT: |
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len=1 |
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['1'] |
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unset= |
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len-of-unset=0 |
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## END |
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|
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#### Create sparse array implicitly |
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(( a[99]=1 )) |
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echo len=${#a[@]} |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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echo "unset=${a[33]}" |
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echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]} |
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## STDOUT: |
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len=1 |
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['1'] |
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unset= |
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len-of-unset=0 |
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## END |
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|
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#### Append sparse arrays |
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a=() |
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(( a[99]=1 )) |
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b=() |
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(( b[33]=2 )) |
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(( b[66]=3 )) |
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a+=( "${b[@]}" ) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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argv.py "${a[99]}" "${a[100]}" "${a[101]}" |
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## STDOUT: |
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['1', '2', '3'] |
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['1', '2', '3'] |
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## END |
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|
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#### Slice of sparse array with [@] |
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# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
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(( a[33]=1 )) |
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(( a[66]=2 )) |
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(( a[99]=2 )) |
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argv.py "${a[@]:15:2}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2'] |
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## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |