1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2
3	# NOTE:
4	# -declare -A is required.
5	#
6	# Simply doing:
7	# a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
8	# gets utterly bizarre behavior.
9	#
10	# Associtative Arrays are COMPLETELY bash-specific. mksh doesn't even come
11	# close. So I will probably not implement them, or implement something
12	# slightly different, because the semantics are just wierd.
13
14	# http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Arrays.html
15	# TODO: Need a SETUP section.
16
17	#### Literal syntax ([x]=y)
18	declare -A a
19	a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
20	echo ${a["aa"]}
21	echo ${a["foo"]}
22	echo ${a["a+1"]}
23	## STDOUT:
24	b
25	bar
26	c
27	## END
28
29	#### set associative array to indexed array literal (bash anomaly)
30	declare -A assoc=([k1]=foo [k2]='spam eggs')
31	argv.py "${assoc[@]}"
32	argv.py "${!assoc[@]}"
33
34	# shouldn't this be disallowed? You're losing information.
35
36	assoc=(foo 'spam eggs')
37	argv.py "${assoc[@]}"
38	argv.py "${!assoc[@]}"
39
40	## STDOUT:
41	['foo', 'spam eggs']
42	['k1', 'k2']
43	[]
44	[]
45	## END
46
47	#### Can't initialize assoc array with indexed array
48	declare -A A=(1 2 3)
49	## status: 1
50	## BUG bash status: 0
51
52	#### Initializing indexed array with assoc array
53	declare -a a=([xx]=1 [yy]=2 [zz]=3)
54	#declare -a a=(1 2 3)
55	argv.py "${a[@]}"
56	## status: 1
57	## stdout-json: ""
58	## BUG bash status: 0
59	## BUG bash STDOUT:
60	['3']
61	## END
62
63	#### create empty assoc array, put, then get
64	declare -A A # still undefined
65	argv.py "${A[@]}"
66	argv.py "${!A[@]}"
67	A['foo']=bar
68	echo ${A['foo']}
69	## STDOUT:
70	[]
71	[]
72	bar
73	## END
74
75	#### retrieve keys with !
76	declare -A a
77	var='x'
78	a["$var"]=b
79	a['foo']=bar
80	a['a+1']=c
81	for key in "${!a[@]}"; do
82	echo $key
83	done | sort
84	## STDOUT:
85	a+1
86	foo
87	x
88	## END
89
90	#### retrieve values with ${A[@]}
91	declare -A A
92	var='x'
93	A["$var"]=b
94	A['foo']=bar
95	A['a+1']=c
96	for val in "${A[@]}"; do
97	echo $val
98	done | sort
99	## STDOUT:
100	b
101	bar
102	c
103	## END
104
105	#### coerce to string with ${A[*]}, etc.
106	declare -A A
107	A['X X']=xx
108	A['Y Y']=yy
109	argv.py "${A[*]}"
110	argv.py "${!A[*]}"
111
112	argv.py ${A[@]}
113	argv.py ${!A[@]}
114	## STDOUT:
115	['xx yy']
116	['X X Y Y']
117	['xx', 'yy']
118	['X', 'X', 'Y', 'Y']
119	## END
120
121	#### ${A[@]/b/B}
122	# but ${!A[@]/b/B} doesn't work
123	declare -A A
124	A['aa']=bbb
125	A['bb']=ccc
126	A['cc']=ddd
127	for val in "${A[@]//b/B}"; do
128	echo $val
129	done | sort
130	## STDOUT:
131	BBB
132	ccc
133	ddd
134	## END
135
136	#### ${A[@]#prefix}
137	declare -A A
138	A['aa']=one
139	A['bb']=two
140	A['cc']=three
141	for val in "${A[@]#t}"; do
142	echo $val
143	done | sort
144	## STDOUT:
145	hree
146	one
147	wo
148	## END
149
150	#### ${assoc} disallowed in OSH, like ${assoc[0]} in bash
151	declare -A a
152	a=([aa]=b [foo]=bar ['a+1']=c)
153	echo "${a}"
154	## stdout-json: "\n"
155	## OK osh stdout-json: ""
156	## OK osh status: 1
157
158	#### length ${#a[@]}
159	declare -A a
160	a["x"]=1
161	a["y"]=2
162	a["z"]=3
163	echo "${#a[@]}"
164	## stdout: 3
165
166	#### lookup with ${a[0]} -- "0" is a string
167	declare -A a
168	a["0"]=a
169	a["1"]=b
170	a["2"]=c
171	echo 0 "${a[0]}" 1 "${a[1]}" 2 "${a[2]}"
172	## STDOUT:
173	0 a 1 b 2 c
174	## END
175
176	#### lookup with double quoted strings "mykey"
177	declare -A a
178	a["aa"]=b
179	a["foo"]=bar
180	a['a+1']=c
181	echo "${a["aa"]}" "${a["foo"]}" "${a["a+1"]}"
182	## STDOUT:
183	b bar c
184	## END
185
186	#### lookup with single quoted string
187	declare -A a
188	a["aa"]=b
189	a["foo"]=bar
190	a['a+1']=c
191	echo "${a['a+1']}"
192	## stdout: c
193
194	#### lookup with unquoted $key and quoted "$i$i"
195	declare -A A
196	A["aa"]=b
197	A["foo"]=bar
198
199	key=foo
200	echo ${A[$key]}
201	i=a
202	echo ${A["$i$i"]} # note: ${A[$i$i]} doesn't work in OSH
203	## STDOUT:
204	bar
205	b
206	## END
207
208	#### lookup by unquoted string doesn't work in OSH because it's a variable
209	declare -A a
210	a["aa"]=b
211	a["foo"]=bar
212	a['a+1']=c
213	echo "${a[a+1]}"
214	## stdout-json: ""
215	## status: 1
216	## BUG bash stdout: c
217	## BUG bash status: 0
218
219	#### bash bug: "i+1" and i+1 are the same key
220
221	i=1
222	array=(5 6 7)
223	echo array[i]="${array[i]}"
224	echo array[i+1]="${array[i+1]}"
225
226	# arithmetic does NOT work here in bash. These are unquoted strings!
227	declare -A assoc
228	assoc[i]=$i
229	assoc[i+1]=$i+1
230
231	assoc["i"]=string
232	assoc["i+1"]=string+1
233
234	echo assoc[i]="${assoc[i]}"
235	echo assoc[i+1]="${assoc[i+1]}"
236
237	echo assoc[i]="${assoc["i"]}"
238	echo assoc[i+1]="${assoc["i+1"]}"
239
240	## status: 1
241	## STDOUT:
242	array[i]=6
243	array[i+1]=7
244	## END
245	## BUG bash status: 0
246	## BUG bash STDOUT:
247	array[i]=6
248	array[i+1]=7
249	assoc[i]=string
250	assoc[i+1]=string+1
251	assoc[i]=string
252	assoc[i+1]=string+1
253	## END
254
255	#### Array stored in associative array gets converted to string (without strict-array)
256
257	array=('1 2' 3)
258	declare -A d
259	d['key']="${array[@]}"
260	argv.py "${d['key']}"
261	## stdout: ['1 2 3']
262
263	#### Indexed array as key of associative array coerces to string (without shopt -s strict-array)
264
265	declare -a array=(1 2 3)
266	declare -A assoc
267	assoc[42]=43
268	assoc["${array[@]}"]=foo
269
270	echo "${assoc["${array[@]}"]}"
271	for entry in "${!assoc[@]}"; do
272	echo $entry
273	done | sort
274
275	## STDOUT:
276	foo
277	1 2 3
278	42
279	##
280
281	#### Append to associative array value A['x']+='suffix'
282	declare -A A
283	A['x']='foo'
284	A['x']+='bar'
285	A['x']+='bar'
286	argv.py "${A["x"]}"
287	## STDOUT:
288	['foobarbar']
289	## END
290
291	#### Slice of associative array doesn't make sense in bash
292	declare -A a
293	a[xx]=1
294	a[yy]=2
295	a[zz]=3
296	a[aa]=4
297	a[bb]=5
298	#argv.py ${a["xx"]}
299	argv.py ${a[@]: 0: 3}
300	argv.py ${a[@]: 1: 3}
301	argv.py ${a[@]: 2: 3}
302	argv.py ${a[@]: 3: 3}
303	argv.py ${a[@]: 4: 3}
304	argv.py ${a[@]: 5: 3}
305	## stdout-json: ""
306	## status: 1
307	## BUG bash STDOUT:
308	['2', '1', '5']
309	['2', '1', '5']
310	['1', '5', '4']
311	['5', '4', '3']
312	['4', '3']
313	['3']
314	## END
315	## BUG bash status: 0
316
317	#### bash variable can have an associative array part and a string part
318
319	# and $assoc is equivalent to ${assoc[0]}, just like regular arrays
320	declare -A assoc
321	assoc[1]=1
322	assoc[2]=2
323	echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
324	assoc[0]=zero
325	echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
326	assoc=string
327	echo ${assoc[1]} ${assoc[2]} ${assoc}
328	## STDOUT:
329	1 2
330	1 2 zero
331	1 2 string
332	## END
333	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
334	## N-I osh status: 1
335
336	#### Associative array expressions inside (( )) with keys that look like numbers
337	declare -A assoc
338	assoc[0]=42
339	(( var = ${assoc[0]} ))
340	echo $var
341	(( var = assoc[0] ))
342	echo $var
343	## STDOUT:
344	42
345	42
346	## END
347	## N-I osh status: 1
348	## N-I osh STDOUT:
349	42
350	## END
351
352	#### (( A[5] += 42 ))
353	declare -A A
354	(( A[5] = 10 ))
355	(( A[5] += 6 ))
356	echo ${A[5]}
357	## STDOUT:
358	16
359	## END
360
361	#### (( A[5] += 42 )) with empty cell
362	shopt -u strict-arith # default zero cell
363	declare -A A
364	(( A[5] += 6 ))
365	echo ${A[5]}
366	## STDOUT:
367	6
368	## END