1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2	#
3	# printf
4	# bash-completion uses this odd printf -v construction. It seems to mostly use
5	# %s and %q though.
6	#
7	# %s should just be
8	# declare $var='val'
9	#
10	# NOTE:
11	# /usr/bin/printf %q "'" seems wrong.
12	# $ /usr/bin/printf %q "'"
13	# ''\'''
14	#
15	# I suppose it is technically correct, but it looks very ugly.
16
17	#### printf with no args
18	printf
19	## status: 2
20	## OK dash/mksh/zsh status: 1
21	## stdout-json: ""
22
23	#### printf -v %s
24	var=foo
25	printf -v $var %s 'hello there'
26	argv.py "$foo"
27	## STDOUT:
28	['hello there']
29	## END
30	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
31	-v['']
32	## END
33	## N-I dash STDOUT:
34	['']
35	## END
36
37	#### printf -v %q
38	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
39
40	# quote 'val' and store it in foo
41	printf -v foo %q "$val"
42	# then round trip back to eval
43	eval "bar=$foo"
44
45	# debugging:
46	#echo foo="$foo"
47	#echo bar="$bar"
48	#echo val="$val"
49
50	test "$bar" = "$val" && echo OK
51	## STDOUT:
52	OK
53	## END
54	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash stdout-json: "-v"
55	## N-I mksh/zsh/ash status: 1
56	## N-I dash stdout-json: ""
57	## N-I dash status: 1
58
59	#### printf -v a[1]
60	a=(a b c)
61	printf -v 'a[1]' %s 'foo'
62	echo status=$?
63	argv.py "${a[@]}"
64	## STDOUT:
65	status=0
66	['a', 'foo', 'c']
67	## END
68	## N-I mksh/zsh STDOUT:
69	-vstatus=0
70	['a', 'b', 'c']
71	## END
72	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
73	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
74	## N-I osh STDOUT:
75	status=2
76	['a', 'b', 'c']
77	## END
78
79	#### dynamic declare instead of %s
80	var=foo
81	declare $var='hello there'
82	argv.py "$foo"
83	## STDOUT:
84	['hello there']
85	## END
86	## N-I dash/mksh/ash STDOUT:
87	['']
88	## END
89
90	#### dynamic declare instead of %q
91	var=foo
92	val='"quoted" with spaces and \'
93	# I think this is bash 4.4 only.
94	declare $var="${val@Q}"
95	echo "$foo"
96	## STDOUT:
97	'"quoted" with spaces and \'
98	## END
99	## N-I dash/ash stdout-json: ""
100	## N-I dash/ash status: 2
101	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "\n"
102	## N-I zsh stdout-json: ""
103	## N-I zsh status: 1
104
105	#### printf -v dynamic scope
106	case $SH in *mksh|*zsh|*dash|*/ash) echo not implemented; exit ;; esac
107	# OK so printf is like assigning to a var.
108	# printf -v foo %q "$bar" is like
109	# foo=${bar@Q}
110	dollar='dollar'
111	f() {
112	local mylocal=foo
113	printf -v dollar %q '$' # assign foo to a quoted dollar
114	printf -v mylocal %q 'mylocal'
115	echo dollar=$dollar
116	echo mylocal=$mylocal
117	}
118	echo dollar=$dollar
119	echo --
120	f
121	echo --
122	echo dollar=$dollar
123	echo mylocal=$mylocal
124	## STDOUT:
125	dollar=dollar
126	--
127	dollar=\$
128	mylocal=mylocal
129	--
130	dollar=\$
131	mylocal=
132	## END
133	## OK osh STDOUT:
134	dollar=dollar
135	--
136	dollar='$'
137	mylocal='mylocal'
138	--
139	dollar='$'
140	mylocal=
141	## END
142	## N-I dash/ash/mksh/zsh STDOUT:
143	not implemented
144	## END
145
146	#### printf with too few arguments
147	printf -- '-%s-%s-%s-\n' 'a b' 'x y'
148	## STDOUT:
149	-a b-x y--
150	## END
151
152	#### printf with too many arguments
153	printf -- '-%s-%s-\n' a b c d e
154	## STDOUT:
155	-a-b-
156	-c-d-
157	-e--
158	## END
159
160	#### printf width strings
161	printf '[%5s]\n' abc
162	printf '[%-5s]\n' abc
163	## STDOUT:
164	[ abc]
165	[abc ]
166	## END
167
168	#### printf integer
169	printf '%d\n' 42
170	printf '%i\n' 42 # synonym
171	printf '%d\n' \'a # if first character is a quote, use character code
172	printf '%d\n' \"a # double quotes work too
173	printf '[%5d]\n' 42
174	printf '[%-5d]\n' 42
175	printf '[%05d]\n' 42
176	#printf '[%-05d]\n' 42 # the leading 0 is meaningless
177	#[42 ]
178	## STDOUT:
179	42
180	42
181	97
182	97
183	[ 42]
184	[42 ]
185	[00042]
186	## END
187
188	#### printf %6.4d -- precision means something different for integers !?
189	printf '[%6.4d]\n' 42
190	## STDOUT:
191	[ 0042]
192	## END
193	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
194	## N-I osh status: 2
195
196	#### printf %6.4s does both truncation and padding
197	printf '[%6s]\n' foo
198	printf '[%6.4s]\n' foo
199	printf '[%-6.4s]\n' foo
200	printf '[%6s]\n' spam-eggs
201	printf '[%6.4s]\n' spam-eggs
202	printf '[%-6.4s]\n' spam-eggs
203	## STDOUT:
204	[ foo]
205	[ foo]
206	[foo ]
207	[spam-eggs]
208	[ spam]
209	[spam ]
210	## END
211
212	#### printf %6.0s and %0.0s
213	printf '[%6.0s]\n' foo
214	printf '[%0.0s]\n' foo
215	## STDOUT:
216	[ ]
217	[]
218	## END
219	## N-I mksh stdout-json: "[ ]\n["
220	## N-I mksh status: 1
221
222	#### unsigned / octal / hex
223	printf '[%u]\n' 42
224	printf '[%o]\n' 42
225	printf '[%x]\n' 42
226	printf '[%X]\n' 42
227	printf '[%X]\n' \'a # if first character is a quote, use character code
228	printf '[%X]\n' \'ab # extra chars ignored
229	## STDOUT:
230	[42]
231	[52]
232	[2a]
233	[2A]
234	[61]
235	[61]
236	## END
237
238	#### empty string (osh is more strict)
239	printf '%d\n' ''
240	## OK osh stdout-json: ""
241	## OK osh status: 1
242	## OK ash status: 1
243	## STDOUT:
244	0
245	## END
246
247	#### No char after ' (osh is more strict)
248
249	# most shells use 0 here
250	printf '%d\n' \'
251
252	## OK osh stdout-json: ""
253	## OK osh status: 1
254	## OK mksh status: 1
255	## STDOUT:
256	0
257	## END
258
259	#### Unicode char with ' (osh is more strict)
260
261	# the mu character is U+03BC
262
263	printf '%x\n' \'μ
264
265	## STDOUT:
266	3bc
267	## END
268	## BUG dash/mksh/ash STDOUT:
269	ce
270	## END
271
272	#### negative numbers with unsigned / octal / hex
273	printf '[%u]\n' -42
274	printf '[%o]\n' -42
275	printf '[%x]\n' -42
276	printf '[%X]\n' -42
277	## STDOUT:
278	[18446744073709551574]
279	[1777777777777777777726]
280	[ffffffffffffffd6]
281	[FFFFFFFFFFFFFFD6]
282	## END
283
284	# osh DISALLOWS this because the output depends on the machine architecture.
285	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
286	## N-I osh status: 1
287
288	#### printf floating point (not required, but they all implement it)
289	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14159
290	printf '[%.2f]\n' 3.14159
291	printf '[%8.2f]\n' 3.14159
292	printf '[%-8.2f]\n' 3.14159
293	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14159
294	printf '[%-f]\n' 3.14
295	## STDOUT:
296	[3.141590]
297	[3.14]
298	[ 3.14]
299	[3.14 ]
300	[3.141590]
301	[3.140000]
302	## END
303	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
304	## N-I osh status: 2
305
306	#### printf floating point with - and 0
307	printf '[%8.4f]\n' 3.14
308	printf '[%08.4f]\n' 3.14
309	printf '[%8.04f]\n' 3.14 # meaning less 0
310	printf '[%08.04f]\n' 3.14
311	echo ---
312	# these all boil down to the same thing. The -, 8, and 4 are respected, but
313	# none of the 0 are.
314	printf '[%-8.4f]\n' 3.14
315	printf '[%-08.4f]\n' 3.14
316	printf '[%-8.04f]\n' 3.14
317	printf '[%-08.04f]\n' 3.14
318	## STDOUT:
319	[ 3.1400]
320	[003.1400]
321	[ 3.1400]
322	[003.1400]
323	---
324	[3.1400 ]
325	[3.1400 ]
326	[3.1400 ]
327	[3.1400 ]
328	## END
329	## N-I osh STDOUT:
330	---
331	## END
332	## N-I osh status: 2
333
334	#### printf eE fF gG
335	printf '[%e]\n' 3.14
336	printf '[%E]\n' 3.14
337	printf '[%f]\n' 3.14
338	# bash is the only one that implements %F? Is it a synonym?
339	#printf '[%F]\n' 3.14
340	printf '[%g]\n' 3.14
341	printf '[%G]\n' 3.14
342	## STDOUT:
343	[3.140000e+00]
344	[3.140000E+00]
345	[3.140000]
346	[3.14]
347	[3.14]
348	## END
349	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
350	## N-I osh status: 2
351
352	#### printf backslash escapes
353	argv.py "$(printf 'a\tb')"
354	argv.py "$(printf '\xE2\x98\xA0')"
355	argv.py "$(printf '\044e')"
356	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')" # out of range
357	## STDOUT:
358	['a\tb']
359	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
360	['$e']
361	['\x1f7']
362	## END
363	## N-I dash STDOUT:
364	['a\tb']
365	['\\xE2\\x98\\xA0']
366	['$e']
367	['\x1f7']
368	## END
369
370	#### printf octal backslash escapes
371	argv.py "$(printf '\0377')"
372	argv.py "$(printf '\377')"
373	## STDOUT:
374	['\x1f7']
375	['\xff']
376	## END
377
378	#### printf unicode backslash escapes
379	argv.py "$(printf '\u2620')"
380	argv.py "$(printf '\U0000065f')"
381	## STDOUT:
382	['\xe2\x98\xa0']
383	['\xd9\x9f']
384	## END
385	## N-I dash/ash STDOUT:
386	['\\u2620']
387	['\\U0000065f']
388	## END
389
390	#### printf invalid backslash escape (is ignored)
391	printf '[\Z]\n'
392	## STDOUT:
393	[\Z]
394	## END
395
396	#### printf % escapes
397	printf '[%%]\n'
398	## STDOUT:
399	[%]
400	## END
401
402	#### printf %b backslash escaping
403	printf '[%s]\n' '\044' # escapes not evaluated
404	printf '[%b]\n' '\044' # YES, escapes evaluated
405	echo status=$?
406	## STDOUT:
407	[\044]
408	[$]
409	status=0
410	## END
411	## N-I osh STDOUT:
412	[\044]
413	status=2
414	## END
415
416	#### printf %c -- doesn't respect UTF-8! Bad.
417	twomu=$'\u03bc\u03bc'
418	printf '[%s]\n' "$twomu"
419	printf '%c' "$twomu" | wc --bytes
420	## STDOUT:
421	[μμ]
422	1
423	## END
424	## N-I dash STDOUT:
425	[$\u03bc\u03bc]
426	1
427	## END
428	## N-I ash STDOUT:
429	[\u03bc\u03bc]
430	1
431	## END
432	## N-I osh STDOUT:
433	[μμ]
434	0
435	## END
436
437	#### printf invalid format
438	printf '%z' 42
439	echo status=$?
440	printf '%-z' 42
441	echo status=$?
442	## STDOUT:
443	status=1
444	status=1
445	## END
446	# osh emits parse errors
447	## OK osh STDOUT:
448	status=2
449	status=2
450	## END
451	## BUG ash STDOUT:
452	status=0
453	status=0
454	## END
455
456	#### printf %q
457	x='a b'
458	printf '[%q]\n' "$x"
459	## STDOUT:
460	['a b']
461	## END
462	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
463	[a\ b]
464	## END
465	## N-I ash/dash stdout-json: "["
466	## N-I ash/dash status: 1
467
468	#### printf %6q (width)
469	# NOTE: coreutils /usr/bin/printf does NOT implement this %6q !!!
470	x='a b'
471	printf '[%6q]\n' "$x"
472	## STDOUT:
473	[ 'a b']
474	## END
475	## OK bash/zsh STDOUT:
476	[ a\ b]
477	## END
478	## N-I mksh/ash/dash stdout-json: "["
479	## N-I mksh/ash/dash status: 1
480
481	#### printf + and space flags
482	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
483	printf '[%+d]\n' 42
484	printf '[%+d]\n' -42
485	printf '[% d]\n' 42
486	printf '[% d]\n' -42
487	## STDOUT:
488	[+42]
489	[-42]
490	[ 42]
491	[-42]
492	## END
493	## N-I osh stdout-json: ""
494	## N-I osh status: 2
495
496	#### printf # flag
497	# I didn't know these existed -- I only knew about - and 0 !
498	printf '[%#o]\n' 42
499	printf '[%#x]\n' 42
500	printf '[%#X]\n' 42
501	echo ---
502	printf '[%#f]\n' 3
503	## STDOUT:
504	[052]
505	[0x2a]
506	[0X2A]
507	---
508	[3.000000]
509	## END
510	## N-I osh STDOUT:
511	---
512	## END
513	## N-I osh status: 2
514
515	#### Runtime error for invalid integer
516	x=3abc
517	printf '%d\n' $x
518	echo status=$?
519	printf '%d\n' xyz
520	echo status=$?
521	## STDOUT:
522	3
523	status=1
524	0
525	status=1
526	## END
527	# zsh should exit 1 in both cases
528	## BUG zsh STDOUT:
529	0
530	status=1
531	0
532	status=0
533	## END
534	# fails but also prints 0 instead of 3abc
535	## BUG ash STDOUT:
536	0
537	status=1
538	0
539	status=1
540	## END
541	# osh doesn't print anything invalid
542	## OK osh STDOUT:
543	status=1
544	status=1
545	## END
546
547	#### %(strftime format)T
548	printf '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' 1557978599
549	echo status=$?
550	## STDOUT:
551	2019-05-15
552	status=0
553	## END
554	## N-I dash/mksh/zsh/ash STDOUT:
555	status=1
556	## END
557	## N-I osh STDOUT:
558	status=2
559	## END