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#!/usr/bin/env bash |
2 |
|
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# TODO: Need a SETUP section. |
4 |
|
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#### SETUP |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
7 |
|
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#### "${a[@]}" and "${a[*]}" |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[*]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2 3', '1 2 3'] |
12 |
|
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#### ${a[@]} and ${a[*]} |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py ${a[@]} ${a[*]} |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3'] |
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|
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#### 4 ways to interpolate empty array |
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argv.py 1 "${a[@]}" 2 ${a[@]} 3 "${a[*]}" 4 ${a[*]} 5 |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '', '4', '5'] |
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|
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#### empty array |
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empty=() |
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argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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## stdout: [] |
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|
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#### Empty array with :- |
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empty=() |
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argv.py ${empty[@]:-not one} "${empty[@]:-not one}" |
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## stdout: ['not', 'one', 'not one'] |
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|
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#### nounset with empty array (design bug, makes it hard to use arrays) |
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# http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-bash/2017-09/msg00005.html |
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# NOTE: This used to be a bug in bash 4.3, but is fixed in bash 4.4. |
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set -o nounset |
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empty=() |
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argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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echo status=$? |
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## STDOUT: |
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[] |
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status=0 |
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## END |
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## BUG mksh stdout-json: "" |
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## BUG mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### local array |
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# mksh support local variables, but not local arrays, oddly. |
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f() { |
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local a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[0]}" |
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} |
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f |
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## stdout: ['1'] |
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## status: 0 |
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## BUG mksh status: 1 |
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## BUG mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Command with with word splitting in array |
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array=('1 2' $(echo '3 4')) |
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argv.py "${array[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1 2', '3', '4'] |
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|
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#### space before ( in array initialization |
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# NOTE: mksh accepts this, but bash doesn't |
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a= (1 '2 3') |
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echo $a |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 0 |
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## OK mksh stdout: 1 |
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|
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#### array over multiple lines |
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a=( |
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1 |
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'2 3' |
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) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2 3'] |
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## status: 0 |
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|
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#### array with invalid token |
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a=( |
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1 |
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& |
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'2 3' |
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) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## status: 2 |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### array with empty string |
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empty=('') |
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argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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## stdout: [''] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[1]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve out of bounds index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[3]}" |
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## stdout: [''] |
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|
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#### Negative index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[-1]}" "${a[-2]}" "${a[-5]}" # last one out of bounds |
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## stdout: ['2 3', '1', ''] |
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## N-I mksh stdout: ['', '', ''] |
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|
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#### Negative index and sparse array |
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shopt -s eval_unsafe_arith |
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a=(0 1 2 3 4) |
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unset a[1] |
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unset a[4] |
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echo "${a[@]}" |
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echo -1 ${a[-1]} |
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echo -2 ${a[-2]} |
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echo -3 ${a[-3]} |
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echo -4 ${a[-4]} |
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echo -5 ${a[-5]} |
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|
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a[-1]+=0 # append 0 on the end |
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echo ${a[@]} |
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(( a[-1] += 42 )) |
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echo ${a[@]} |
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|
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## STDOUT: |
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0 2 3 |
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-1 3 |
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-2 2 |
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-3 |
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-4 0 |
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-5 |
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0 2 30 |
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0 2 72 |
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## END |
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## BUG mksh STDOUT: |
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0 2 3 |
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-1 |
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-2 |
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-3 |
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-4 |
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-5 |
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0 2 3 0 |
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0 2 3 42 |
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## END |
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|
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#### Negative index and sparse array |
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shopt -s eval_unsafe_arith |
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a=(0 1) |
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unset 'a[-1]' # remove last element |
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a+=(2 3) |
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echo ${a[0]} $((a[0])) |
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echo ${a[1]} $((a[1])) |
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echo ${a[2]} $((a[2])) |
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echo ${a[3]} $((a[3])) |
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## STDOUT: |
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0 0 |
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2 2 |
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3 3 |
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0 |
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## END |
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## BUG mksh STDOUT: |
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0 0 |
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1 1 |
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2 2 |
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3 3 |
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## END |
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|
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#### Length after unset |
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shopt -s eval_unsafe_arith |
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a=(0 1 2 3) |
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unset a[-1] |
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echo len=${#a[@]} |
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unset a[-1] |
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echo len=${#a[@]} |
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## STDOUT: |
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len=3 |
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len=2 |
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## END |
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## BUG mksh STDOUT: |
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len=4 |
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len=4 |
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## END |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a variable |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=1 |
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argv.py "${a[$i]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a variable without $ |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=5 |
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argv.py "${a[i-4]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a command sub |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[$(echo 1)]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve array indices with ${!a} |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['0', '1'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve sparse array indices with ${!a} |
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a=() |
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(( a[99]=1 )) |
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argv.py "${!a[@]}" |
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## STDOUT: |
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['99'] |
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## END |
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|
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#### ${!a[1]} is named ref in bash |
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# mksh ignores it |
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foo=bar |
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a=('1 2' foo '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a[1]}" |
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## status: 0 |
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## stdout: ['bar'] |
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## N-I mksh stdout: ['a[1]'] |
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|
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#### ${!a} on array is disallowed |
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# bash gives empty string because it's like a[0] |
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# mksh gives the name of the variable with !. Very weird. |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a}" |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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## status: 1 |
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## BUG bash stdout: [''] |
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## BUG bash status: 0 |
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## BUG mksh stdout: ['a'] |
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## BUG mksh status: 0 |
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|
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#### All elements unquoted |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py ${a[@]} |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3'] |
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|
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#### All elements quoted |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '2 3'] |
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|
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#### $* |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py ${a[*]} |
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## stdout: ['1', '2', '3'] |
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|
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#### "$*" |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[*]}" |
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## stdout: ['1 2 3'] |
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|
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#### Interpolate array into array |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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a=(0 "${a[@]}" '4 5') |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['0', '1', '2 3', '4 5'] |
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|
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#### Exporting array doesn't do anything, not even first element |
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# bash parses, but doesn't execute. |
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# mksh gives syntax error -- parses differently with 'export' |
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# osh no longer parses this statically. |
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export PYTHONPATH=(a b c) |
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export PYTHONPATH=a # NOTE: in bash, this doesn't work afterward! |
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printenv.py PYTHONPATH |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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## status: 1 |
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## OK bash stdout: None |
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## OK bash status: 0 |
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|
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#### Arrays can't be used as env bindings |
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# Hm bash it treats it as a string! |
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A=a B=(b b) printenv.py A B |
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## status: 2 |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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## OK bash stdout-json: "a\n(b b)\n" |
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## OK bash status: 0 |
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## OK mksh status: 1 |
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|
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#### Set element |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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a[0]=9 |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['9', '2 3'] |
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|
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#### Set element with var ref |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=0 |
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a[$i]=9 |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['9', '2 3'] |
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|
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#### Set element with array ref |
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# This makes parsing a little more complex. Anything can be inside [], |
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# including other []. |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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i=(0 1) |
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a[${i[1]}]=9 |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['1', '9'] |
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|
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#### Set array item to array |
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a=(1 2) |
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a[0]=(3 4) |
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echo "status=$?" |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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## status: 2 |
313 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## BUG bash stdout: status=1 |
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## BUG bash status: 0 |
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|
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#### Slice of array with [@] |
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# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
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a=(1 2 3) |
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argv.py "${a[@]:1:2}" |
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## stdout: ['2', '3'] |
322 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
323 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
324 |
|
325 |
#### Negative slice begin |
326 |
# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
327 |
# NOTE: for some reason -2) has to be in parens? Ah that's because it |
328 |
# conflicts with :-! That's silly. You can also add a space. |
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a=(1 2 3 4 5) |
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argv.py "${a[@]:(-4)}" |
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## stdout: ['2', '3', '4', '5'] |
332 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
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## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Negative slice length |
336 |
a=(1 2 3 4 5) |
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argv.py "${a[@]: 1: -3}" |
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## status: 1 |
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## stdout-json: "" |
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|
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#### Slice with arithmetic |
342 |
a=(1 2 3) |
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i=5 |
344 |
argv.py "${a[@]:i-4:2}" |
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## stdout: ['2', '3'] |
346 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
347 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
348 |
|
349 |
#### Number of elements |
350 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
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echo "${#a[@]}" ${#a[@]} # bug fix: also test without quotes |
352 |
## stdout: 2 2 |
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|
354 |
#### Length of an element |
355 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
356 |
echo "${#a[1]}" |
357 |
## stdout: 3 |
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|
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#### Iteration |
360 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
361 |
for v in "${a[@]}"; do |
362 |
echo $v |
363 |
done |
364 |
## stdout-json: "1\n2 3\n" |
365 |
|
366 |
#### glob within array yields separate elements |
367 |
touch _tmp/y.Y _tmp/yy.Y |
368 |
a=(_tmp/*.Y) |
369 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
370 |
## stdout: ['_tmp/y.Y', '_tmp/yy.Y'] |
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|
372 |
#### declare array and then append |
373 |
declare -a array |
374 |
array+=(a) |
375 |
array+=(b c) |
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argv.py "${array[@]}" |
377 |
## stdout: ['a', 'b', 'c'] |
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|
379 |
#### Array syntax in wrong place |
380 |
ls foo=(1 2) |
381 |
## status: 1 |
382 |
## OK bash status: 2 |
383 |
|
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#### Single array with :- |
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# bash does EMPTY ELISION here, unless it's double quoted. mksh has |
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# more sane behavior. OSH is better. |
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single=('') |
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argv.py ${single[@]:-none} x "${single[@]:-none}" |
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## OK osh stdout: ['x', ''] |
390 |
## OK bash stdout: ['none', 'x', ''] |
391 |
## OK mksh stdout: ['none', 'x', 'none'] |
392 |
|
393 |
#### Stripping a whole array unquoted |
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# Problem: it joins it first. |
395 |
files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c') |
396 |
argv.py ${files[@]%.c} |
397 |
## status: 0 |
398 |
## stdout: ['foo', 'sp', 'ace.h', 'bar'] |
399 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
400 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
401 |
|
402 |
#### Stripping a whole array quoted |
403 |
files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c') |
404 |
argv.py "${files[@]%.c}" |
405 |
## status: 0 |
406 |
## stdout: ['foo', 'sp ace.h', 'bar'] |
407 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
408 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
409 |
|
410 |
#### Multiple subscripts not allowed |
411 |
# NOTE: bash 4.3 had a bug where it ignored the bad subscript, but now it is |
412 |
# fixed. |
413 |
a=('123' '456') |
414 |
argv.py "${a[0]}" "${a[0][0]}" |
415 |
## stdout-json: "" |
416 |
## status: 2 |
417 |
## OK bash/mksh status: 1 |
418 |
|
419 |
#### Length op, index op, then transform op is not allowed |
420 |
a=('123' '456') |
421 |
echo "${#a[0]}" "${#a[0]/1/xxx}" |
422 |
## stdout-json: "" |
423 |
## status: 2 |
424 |
## OK bash/mksh status: 1 |
425 |
|
426 |
#### Array subscript not allowed on string |
427 |
s='abc' |
428 |
echo ${s[@]} |
429 |
## BUG bash/mksh status: 0 |
430 |
## BUG bash/mksh stdout: abc |
431 |
## status: 1 |
432 |
|
433 |
#### Create a "user" array out of the argv array |
434 |
set -- 'a b' 'c' |
435 |
array1=('x y' 'z') |
436 |
array2=("$@") |
437 |
argv.py "${array1[@]}" "${array2[@]}" |
438 |
## stdout: ['x y', 'z', 'a b', 'c'] |
439 |
|
440 |
#### Tilde expansion within array |
441 |
HOME=/home/bob |
442 |
a=(~/src ~/git) |
443 |
echo "${a[@]}" |
444 |
## stdout: /home/bob/src /home/bob/git |
445 |
|
446 |
#### Brace Expansion within Array |
447 |
a=(-{a,b} {c,d}-) |
448 |
echo "${a[@]}" |
449 |
## stdout: -a -b c- d- |
450 |
|
451 |
#### array default |
452 |
default=('1 2' '3') |
453 |
argv.py "${undef[@]:-${default[@]}}" |
454 |
## stdout: ['1 2', '3'] |
455 |
|
456 |
#### Singleton Array Copy and Assign. OSH can't index strings with ints |
457 |
a=( '12 3' ) |
458 |
b=( "${a[@]}" ) |
459 |
c="${a[@]}" # This decays it to a string |
460 |
d=${a[*]} # This decays it to a string |
461 |
echo ${#a[0]} ${#b[0]} |
462 |
echo ${#a[@]} ${#b[@]} |
463 |
|
464 |
# osh is intentionally stricter, and these fail. |
465 |
echo ${#c[0]} ${#d[0]} |
466 |
echo ${#c[@]} ${#d[@]} |
467 |
|
468 |
## status: 1 |
469 |
## STDOUT: |
470 |
4 4 |
471 |
1 1 |
472 |
## END |
473 |
## OK bash/mksh status: 0 |
474 |
## OK bash/mksh STDOUT: |
475 |
4 4 |
476 |
1 1 |
477 |
4 4 |
478 |
1 1 |
479 |
## END |
480 |
|
481 |
#### declare -a / local -a is empty array |
482 |
declare -a myarray |
483 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
484 |
myarray+=('x') |
485 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
486 |
|
487 |
f() { |
488 |
local -a myarray |
489 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
490 |
myarray+=('x') |
491 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
492 |
} |
493 |
f |
494 |
## STDOUT: |
495 |
[] |
496 |
['x'] |
497 |
[] |
498 |
['x'] |
499 |
## END |
500 |
|
501 |
#### Create sparse array |
502 |
a=() |
503 |
(( a[99]=1 )) # osh doesn't parse index assignment outside arithmetic yet |
504 |
echo len=${#a[@]} |
505 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
506 |
echo "unset=${a[33]}" |
507 |
echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]} |
508 |
## STDOUT: |
509 |
len=1 |
510 |
['1'] |
511 |
unset= |
512 |
len-of-unset=0 |
513 |
## END |
514 |
|
515 |
#### Create sparse array implicitly |
516 |
(( a[99]=1 )) |
517 |
echo len=${#a[@]} |
518 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
519 |
echo "unset=${a[33]}" |
520 |
echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]} |
521 |
## STDOUT: |
522 |
len=1 |
523 |
['1'] |
524 |
unset= |
525 |
len-of-unset=0 |
526 |
## END |
527 |
|
528 |
#### Append sparse arrays |
529 |
a=() |
530 |
(( a[99]=1 )) |
531 |
b=() |
532 |
(( b[33]=2 )) |
533 |
(( b[66]=3 )) |
534 |
a+=( "${b[@]}" ) |
535 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
536 |
argv.py "${a[99]}" "${a[100]}" "${a[101]}" |
537 |
## STDOUT: |
538 |
['1', '2', '3'] |
539 |
['1', '2', '3'] |
540 |
## END |
541 |
|
542 |
#### Slice of sparse array with [@] |
543 |
# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
544 |
(( a[33]=1 )) |
545 |
(( a[66]=2 )) |
546 |
(( a[99]=2 )) |
547 |
argv.py "${a[@]:15:2}" |
548 |
## stdout: ['1', '2'] |
549 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
550 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
551 |
|
552 |
#### Using an array itself as the index on LHS |
553 |
shopt -u strict_arith |
554 |
a[a]=42 |
555 |
a[a]=99 |
556 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[0]}" "${a[42]}" "${a[99]}" |
557 |
|
558 |
## status: 1 |
559 |
## stdout-json: "" |
560 |
|
561 |
## BUG bash/mksh status: 0 |
562 |
## BUG bash/mksh STDOUT: |
563 |
['42', '99', '42', '99', ''] |
564 |
## END |
565 |
|
566 |
#### Using an array itself as the index on RHS |
567 |
shopt -u strict_arith |
568 |
a=(1 2 3) |
569 |
(( x = a[a] )) |
570 |
echo $x |
571 |
## status: 1 |
572 |
## stdout-json: "" |
573 |
## BUG bash/mksh status: 0 |
574 |
## BUG bash/mksh STDOUT: |
575 |
2 |
576 |
## END |
577 |
|
578 |
#### a[$x$y] on LHS and RHS |
579 |
x=1 |
580 |
y=2 |
581 |
a[$x$y]=foo |
582 |
|
583 |
# not allowed by OSH parsing |
584 |
#echo ${a[$x$y]} |
585 |
|
586 |
echo ${a[12]} |
587 |
echo ${#a[@]} |
588 |
|
589 |
## STDOUT: |
590 |
foo |
591 |
1 |
592 |
## END |